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Synergistic Integration of Detailed Meteorological and Community Information for Evacuation from Weather-Related Disasters: Proposal of a “Disaster Response Switch”
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s13753-020-00317-3
Kensuke Takenouchi , Katsuya Yamori

Meteorological information used for disaster prevention has developed rapidly in terms of both type and specificity. The latest forecasting models can predict weather with very high resolutions that can characterize disaster risk at the local level. However, this development can lead to an overdependency on the information and a wait-and-see attitude by the public. At the same time, residents share and use various types of information for disaster response, such as local conditions, in addition to official disaster information. Our research in Japan verified the practicality and efficiency of synergistically integrating these types of information by examining actual evacuation cases. The current numerical forecasting models sufficiently identify locality from the viewpoint of various administrative scales such as prefectures, municipalities, and school districts, but the improvements to these models have failed to improve residents’ judgment in successful evacuation cases. We therefore analyzed the relationship between meteorological information and residents’ disaster response and confirmed that they were strongly correlated and were contributing factors in preventing disasters. We revealed differences between a community’s disaster prevention culture and the disaster information provided. This led us to propose a new concept in community disaster prevention that we call the “disaster response switch,” which can serve as a data-driven risk management tool for communities when used in combination with advanced meteorological disaster information.



中文翻译:

从气象相关灾害中疏散详细的气象和社区信息的协同整合:“灾害响应开关”的建议

无论从类型还是针对性而言,用于防灾的气象信息都得到了迅速发展。最新的预测模型可以以很高的分辨率预测天气,从而可以描述地方一级的灾害风险。但是,这种发展可能会导致对信息的过度依赖以及公众的观望态度。同时,除了官方灾难信息之外,居民还共享和使用各种类型的信息来应对灾难,例如当地情况。我们在日本的研究通过检查实际的撤离案例,证明了协同整合这些类型信息的实用性和效率。当前的数值预测模型可以从各种行政规模(如县,市,和学区,但对这些模型的改进未能改善居民在成功疏散案件中的判断力。因此,我们分析了气象信息与居民灾难响应之间的关系,并确认它们之间密切相关,并且是预防灾难的因素。我们揭示了社区的防灾文化与所提供的灾难信息之间的差异。这促使我们提出了社区防灾的新概念,我们将其称为“灾难响应开关”,当与先进的气象灾难信息结合使用时,它可以用作社区的数据驱动风险管理工具。因此,我们分析了气象信息与居民灾难响应之间的关系,并确认它们之间密切相关,并且是预防灾难的因素。我们揭示了社区的防灾文化与所提供的灾难信息之间的差异。这促使我们提出了社区防灾的新概念,我们将其称为“灾难响应开关”,当与先进的气象灾难信息结合使用时,它可以用作社区的数据驱动风险管理工具。因此,我们分析了气象信息与居民灾难响应之间的关系,并确认它们之间密切相关,并且是预防灾难的因素。我们揭示了社区的防灾文化与所提供的灾难信息之间的差异。这促使我们提出了社区防灾的新概念,我们将其称为“灾难响应开关”,当与先进的气象灾难信息结合使用时,它可以用作社区的数据驱动风险管理工具。我们揭示了社区的防灾文化与所提供的灾难信息之间的差异。这促使我们提出了社区防灾的新概念,我们将其称为“灾难响应开关”,当与先进的气象灾难信息结合使用时,它可以用作社区的数据驱动风险管理工具。我们揭示了社区的防灾文化与所提供的灾难信息之间的差异。这促使我们提出了社区防灾的新概念,我们将其称为“灾难响应开关”,当与先进的气象灾难信息结合使用时,它可以用作社区的数据驱动风险管理工具。

更新日期:2020-12-01
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