Background

Nutritional deficiencies are common among obese individuals and constitute one of the main concerns in the bariatric field. The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional status in bariatric surgery candidates, comparing individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to explore possible associations between nutritional and metabolic status.

Methods

Patients accepted for gastric sleeve surgery between 2010 and 2015 were included and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were recorded before surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied in order to find possible associations between MetS, nutritional, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters.

Results

A total of 330 patients were evaluated (285 females, mean age of 41.88 ± 10.4 years old, mean body mass index 43.91 ± 6.2 kg/m²) and MetS was present in 47% of them. Patients without MetS presented a higher prevalence of folate deficiency (12 vs. 2%, p < 0.001). Male gender, older age, lower magnesium levels, and higher BMI and calcium levels were predictors of a greater number of MetS components. Male gender, a greater number of MetS components, and lower magnesium were predictors of higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Conclusions

The rising prevalence of obesity is causing a parallel increase in the use of bariatric surgery. The high occurrence of preoperative nutritional deficiencies can impair metabolic status and contribute to a worse outcome after surgery. Nutritional assessment and improvement before surgery may be crucial to optimize patient status, and future studies should explore the effect of the correction of these deficiencies in the metabolic status of these patients.

中文翻译：

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减肥手术候选人的营养缺乏症患病率及其对代谢状态的影响

背景

营养缺乏症在肥胖者中很常见，并且是减肥领域的主要关注之一。这项研究的目的是调查减肥手术候选人的营养状况，比较有无代谢综合征（MetS）的个体，并探讨营养状况和代谢状况之间的可能联系。

方法

纳入2010年至2015年接受胃袖手术的患者，并在手术前记录人体测量和代谢参数。应用单变量和多变量分析以发现MetS，营养，人体测量学和代谢参数之间的可能关联。

结果

总共评估了330名患者（285名女性，平均年龄41.88±10.4岁，平均体重指数43.91±6.2 kg / m ²），其中47％的患者患有MetS。没有MetS的患者表现出较高的叶酸缺乏症患病率（12比2％，p  <0.001）。男性，年龄较大，镁含量较低，BMI和钙含量较高是MetS成分数量增加的预测因素。男性，较多的MetS成分和较低的镁含量是胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）稳态模型评估较高的预测因素。

结论

肥胖率的上升正在导致减肥手术的同时增加。术前营养不足的发生率很高，可能会损害代谢状态，并导致术后结果恶化。手术前的营养评估和改善对优化患者状况至关重要，未来的研究应探讨纠正这些患者代谢状况不足的影响。