The generation and evolution of artificial plasma clouds is a complicated process that is strongly dependent on the background environment and release conditions. In this paper, based on a three-dimensional two-species fluid model, the evolution characteristics of artificial plasma clouds under various release conditions were analyzed numerically. In particular, the effect of ionospheric density gradient and ambient horizontal wind field was taken into account in our simulation. The results show that an asymmetric plasma cloud structure occurs in the vertical direction when a nonuniform ionosphere is assumed. The density, volume, and expansion velocity of the artificial plasma cloud vary with the release altitude, mass, and initial ionization rate. The initial release velocity can change the cloud's movement and overall distribution. With an initial velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, an O + density cavity and two bumps exist. When there is an initial velocity parallel to the magnetic field, the generated plasma cloud is bulb-shaped, and only one O + density cavity and one density bump are created. Compared to the cesium case, barium clouds expand more rapidly. Moreover, Cs + clouds have a higher density than Ba + clouds, and the snowplow effect of Cs + is also stronger.

中文翻译：

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不同释放条件下人工等离子云引起的电离层扰动

人造等离子体云的产生和演化是一个复杂的过程，强烈依赖于背景环境和释放条件。本文基于二维二维流体模型，对不同释放条件下人工等离子体云的演化特征进行了数值分析。特别是，我们的模拟考虑了电离层密度梯度和周围水平风场的影响。结果表明，当假设电离层不均匀时，垂直方向会出现不对称的等离子体云结构。人造等离子体云的密度、体积和膨胀速度随释放​​高度、质量和初始电离率而变化。初始释放速度可以改变云的运动和整体分布。在初始速度垂直于磁场的情况下，存在一个 O + 密度腔和两个凸起。当存在平行于磁场的初始速度时，产生的等离子云呈灯泡状，仅产生一个 O + 密度腔和一个密度凸点。与铯情况相比，钡云膨胀得更快。而且Cs+云的密度比Ba+云高，Cs+的扫雪效果也更强。