Cognitive bias modification (CBM) is a class of mechanised psychological interventions designed to target specific aberrant cognitive processes considered key in the aetiology and/or maintenance of specific psychiatric disorders. In this review, we outline a multistage translational process that allows tracking progress in CBM research. This process involves four steps: (1) the identification of reliable cognitive targets and establishing their association with specific disorders; (2) clinical translations designed to rectify the identified cognitive targets; (3) verification of effective target engagement and (4) testing of clinical utility in randomised controlled trials. Through the prism of this multistage process, we review progress in clinical CBM research in two cognitive domains: attention and interpretation; in six psychiatric conditions: anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, addictive disorders, eating disorders and obsessive–compulsive disorder. The review highlights achievement as well as shortcomings of the CBM approach en route to becoming a recognised evidence-supported therapy for these disorders.

中文翻译：

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从认知目标到症状减轻：注意力和解释偏差修正研究概述

认知偏差修正（CBM）是一类机械化心理干预措施，旨在针对特定的异常认知过程，这些认知过程被认为是特定精神疾病的病因和/或维持的关键。在这篇综述中，我们概述了一个多阶段的转化过程，可以跟踪煤层气研究的进展。这个过程涉及四个步骤：（1）识别可靠的认知目标并建立它们与特定疾病的关联；(2) 旨在纠正已识别认知目标的临床翻译；(3) 验证有效的目标参与；(4) 随机对照试验中的临床实用性测试。通过这个多阶段过程的棱镜，我们回顾了两个认知领域的临床 CBM 研究进展：注意力和解释；六种精神疾病：焦虑症、重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、成瘾性疾病、饮食失调和强迫症。该综述强调了 CBM 方法在成为这些疾病公认的证据支持疗法的过程中所取得的成就和缺点。