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Re-entry prediction of objects with low-eccentricity orbits based on mean ballistic coefficients
Open Astronomy ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-22 , DOI: 10.1515/astro-2020-0006
Zhang Wei 1 , Cui Wen 1 , Wang Xiuhong 1 , Wei Dong 2 , Liu Xing 1
Affiliation  

Abstract During re-entry objects with low-eccentricity orbits traverse a large portion of the dense atmospheric region almost every orbital revolution. Their perigee decays slowly, but the apogee decays rapidly. Because ballistic coefficients change with altitude, re-entry predictions of objects in low-eccentricity orbits are more difficult than objects in nearly circular orbits. Problems in orbit determination, such as large residuals and non-convergence, arise for this class of objects, especially in the case of sparse observations. In addition, it might be difficult to select suitable initial ballistic coefficient for re-entry prediction. We present a new re-entry prediction method based on mean ballistic coefficients for objects with low-eccentricity orbits. The mean ballistic coefficient reflects the average effect of atmospheric drag during one orbital revolution, and the coefficient is estimated using a semi-numerical method with a step size of one period. The method is tested using Iridium-52 which uses sparse observations as the data source, and ten other objects with low-eccentricity orbits which use TLEs as the data source. We also discuss the performance of the mean ballistic coefficient when used in the evolution of drag characteristics and orbit propagation. The results show that the mean ballistic coefficient is ideal for re-entry prediction and orbit propagation of objects with low-eccentricity orbits.

中文翻译:

基于平均弹道系数的低偏心率天体再入预测

摘要 在再入过程中,低偏心率轨道的物体几乎在每次轨道旋转时都会穿越大部分密集大气区域。它们的近地点衰减缓慢,而远地点衰减迅速。由于弹道系数随高度变化,低偏心率轨道上的物体再入预测比近圆形轨道上的物体更难。对于这类物体,尤其是在稀疏观测的情况下,会出现轨道确定中的问题,例如大残差和不收敛。此外,可能难以为再入预测选择合适的初始弹道系数。我们提出了一种新的再入预测方法,该方法基于低偏心率轨道物体的平均弹道系数。平均弹道系数反映了轨道旋转一圈大气阻力的平均影响,该系数采用半数值方法估算,步长为一个周期。该方法使用使用稀疏观测作为数据源的 Iridium-52 和使用 TLE 作为数据源的其他 10 个具有低偏心率轨道的天体进行测试。我们还讨论了平均弹道系数在用于阻力特性和轨道传播演变时的性能。结果表明,平均弹道系数对于低偏心率轨道物体的再入预测和轨道传播是理想的。该方法使用使用稀疏观测作为数据源的 Iridium-52 和使用 TLE 作为数据源的其他 10 个具有低偏心率轨道的天体进行测试。我们还讨论了平均弹道系数在用于阻力特性和轨道传播演变时的性能。结果表明,平均弹道系数对于低偏心率轨道物体的再入预测和轨道传播是理想的。该方法使用使用稀疏观测作为数据源的 Iridium-52 和使用 TLE 作为数据源的其他 10 个具有低偏心率轨道的天体进行测试。我们还讨论了平均弹道系数在用于阻力特性和轨道传播演变时的性能。结果表明,平均弹道系数对于低偏心率轨道物体的再入预测和轨道传播是理想的。
更新日期:2020-11-22
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