The mining of metal ores generates both liquid and solid wastes, which are increasingly important to manage. In this paper, an attempt was made to use waste rocks produced in the mining of zinc and lead to neutralizing acid mine drainage and alkaline flotation wastewater. Waste rock is a quartz-feldspar rock of hydrothermal origin. It is composed of, besides quartz and potassium feldspar (orthoclase), phyllosilicates (chlorite and mica), and sulfides (chiefly pyrite). To determine its physicochemical parameters and their variability, acid mine water and flotation wastewater were monitored for 12 months. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is characterized by a low pH (~3), high zinc concentration (~750 mg·L⁻¹), and high sulfate content (~6800 mg·L⁻¹). On the other hand, the determinations made for flotation wastewater showed, among others, a pH of approximately 12 and ca. 780 mg·L⁻¹ of sulfates. AMD and flotation wastewater neutralization by the waste rock was shown to be possible and efficient. However, in both cases, the final solution contained elevated concentrations of metals and sulfates. Premixing AMD with alkaline flotation wastewater in the first step and then neutralizing the obtained mixture with the waste rock was considered the best solution. The produced solution had a circumneutral pH. However, the obtained solution does not meet the legislative requirements but could be further treated by, for example, passive treatment systems. It is noteworthy that the proposed approach is low cost and does not require any chemical reagents.

中文翻译：

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采矿废料在处理酸性和碱性矿山废水中的用途

金属矿石的开采会产生液体和固体废物，这对于管理变得越来越重要。本文尝试使用锌矿开采中产生的废石，并导致中和酸性矿山排水和碱性浮选废水。石是热液来源的石英长石岩石。它由石英和钾长石（原长石），页硅酸盐（亚氯酸盐和云母）和硫化物（主要为黄铁矿）组成。为了确定其理化参数及其变异性，对酸性矿井水和浮选废水进行了12个月的监测。酸性矿山排水（AMD）的特征在于低pH（〜3），高锌浓度（〜750 mg·L ^-1）和高硫酸盐含量（〜6800 mg·L ^-1））。另一方面，对浮选废水的测定表明，pH值约为12左右。780 mg·L ^-1的硫酸盐。用废石中和AMD和浮选废水是可行和有效的。但是，在两种情况下，最终溶液均含有较高浓度的金属和硫酸盐。第一步是将AMD与碱性浮选废水预混合，然后将其与废石中和，这被认为是最佳解决方案。产生的溶液具有周围pH。但是，所获得的解决方案不符合法律要求，但是可以通过例如被动处理系统进行进一步处理。值得注意的是，所提出的方法是低成本的并且不需要任何化学试剂。