Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a re-emerging threat to greenhouse cucumber and other Cucurbitaceae crop production worldwide. This seed-borne virus can easily spread from a contaminated seeds to seedlings and to adjacent plants through mechanical contact of the foliage of diseased and healthy plants causing extensive yield losses. Additionally, infection may not be limited to the current crop but may also affect subsequent crops due to the long-term persistence of the virus on contaminated crop residues, greenhouse hard surfaces and soil or soil-less greenhouse substrates. In the present work, three greenhouse experiments were conducted to develop an integrated pest management strategy towards controlling CGMMV in commercial cucumber greenhouses, by implementing an effective sanitization program and using resistant and grafted cucumber varieties. Results of sanitization highlighted that pressure washing and cleansing with an alkaline foam cleanser eliminated CGMMV on some of the most heavily infested areas. However, three successive applications of cleanser and disinfectants were essential to completely eliminate CGMMV on porous and uneven surfaces, such as cement alleyway, tray gutters and floor mats. The screening of 15 cucumber varieties revealed that one Mini (‘Khassib’) and three Long English (‘Sepire’, ‘Bomber’ and ‘LC13900′) had reduced or delayed CGMMV infection spread in the greenhouse but were intermediate in yield. The most resistant Mini variety was ‘Katrina’. This variety showed low CGMMV infection level and high fruit yield. The varieties ‘Jawell’, ‘RZ 22-551′, ‘Sunniwell’, ‘Bonbon’ and ‘Dee Lite’ were the most tolerant to CGMMV. They showed a high CGMMV infection level without compromising yield. These results proved the need for new productive cucumber varieties with CGMMV resistance. Grafting experiments showed a yield increase only in the case of grafted ‘Picowell’ over ‘Bonbon’ but no CGMMV resistance, which is a much more desirable result of grafting experiments in order to have economic potential. In all, the current study revealed unique methods of CGMMV management in commercial greenhouses that are recommended to growers for reducing crop losses and improving economic returns.

中文翻译：

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利用农业消毒剂和抗性黄瓜品种防治商品大棚黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的初步研究

黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（CGMMV）是对温室黄瓜和其他葫芦科的新威胁世界各地的农作物产量。这种种子传播的病毒很容易通过受病和健康植物的叶子的机械接触而从受污染的种子传播到幼苗和邻近的植物，从而导致大量的产量损失。此外，由于病毒在受污染的农作物残留物，温室硬表面和土壤或无土的温室基质上的长期残留，感染可能不仅限于当前的作物，而且还可能影响随后的作物。在目前的工作中，通过实施有效的消毒程序并使用抗性和嫁接黄瓜品种，进行了三个温室实验，以开发综合害虫管理策略来控制商业黄瓜温室中的GMGMV。消毒结果表明，在一些感染最严重的地区，用碱性泡沫清洁剂进行压力洗涤和清洁可消除CGMMV。但是，必须连续三次使用清洁剂和消毒剂，才能完全消除多孔和不平整表面（例如水泥巷道，桥槽和地板垫）上的CGMMV。对15个黄瓜品种的筛选显示，一个Mini（'Khassib'）和三个Long English（'Sepire'，'Bomber'和'LC13900'）减少或延迟了CGMMV在温室中的传播，但产量中等。抵抗力最强的迷你品种是“卡特里娜飓风”。该品种显示出较低的CGMMV感染水平和较高的果实产量。'Jawell'，'RZ 22-551'，'Sunniwell'，'Bonbon'和'Dee Lite'品种对CGMMV的耐受性最高。他们表现出较高的CGMMV感染水平，而没有损害产量。这些结果证明需要具有CGMMV抗性的新的高产黄瓜品种。嫁接实验表明，仅在嫁接“皮克韦尔”而不是“邦邦”的情况下产量提高，而对CGMMV的抵抗力却不高，这是嫁接实验更合乎需要的结果，具有经济潜力。总而言之，当前的研究揭示了商业温室中CGMMV管理的独特方法，推荐给种植者以减少作物损失并提高经济效益。为了具有经济潜力，这是接枝实验的更理想的结果。总而言之，当前的研究揭示了商业温室中CGMMV管理的独特方法，推荐给种植者以减少作物损失并提高经济效益。为了具有经济潜力，这是接枝实验的更理想的结果。总而言之，当前的研究揭示了商业温室中CGMMV管理的独特方法，推荐给种植者以减少作物损失并提高经济效益。