Polymer-matrix dielectric composites are promising for use in electrostatic energy storage devices due to the ultra-fast charge–discharge speed and the long service life. Here we report a strategy for designing BaTiO₃ sponge polymer composites for energy storage. BaTiO₃ sponges with tunable porosities are prepared from polymethyl methacrylate micro-sphere arrays. Liquid epoxy completely fills the pores in a BaTiO₃ sponge during vacuum de-foaming, forming a solid composite. The resulting composites possess a maximum dielectric constant of ε_r~332 and ε_r/ε_m~85, compared to ε_r~38 in a sample filled with BaTiO₃ NPs, at 1 kHz. The composites also possess, at 100 kV cm⁻¹, a high discharge energy density of U_d~105 × 10⁻³ J cm⁻³ and U_d/U_m~51, and electric displacement of 3.2 μC cm⁻², compared with those utilizing traditional strategies at low electric fields. Finite element simulation reveals the enhanced energy density is due to a high local electric displacement in composites.

聚合物基介电复合材料具有超快的充放电速度和较长的使用寿命，因此有望用于静电能量存储设备。在这里，我们报告了一种设计用于储能的BaTiO ₃海绵聚合物复合材料的策略。由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球阵列制备具有可调孔隙度的BaTiO ₃海绵。在真空消泡过程中，液态环氧树脂完全填充了BaTiO ₃海绵中的孔，形成了固体复合材料。将得到的复合材料具有的最大介电常数ε _{- [R}〜332和ε _{- [R} / ε_米〜85相比，ε _{- [R}充满的BaTiO的样品中〜38_3个NP，频率为1 kHz。该复合材料还具有，在100kV厘米^-1，的高放电能量密度ü _d〜105×10 ^-3  Ĵ厘米^-3和ü _d / ù_中号〜51，和3.2μC厘米电位移^-2，相比那些在低电场下采用传统策略的人。有限元模拟表明，提高的能量密度是由于复合材料中较高的局部电位移引起的。