Host–parasitoid dynamics is critically influenced by variability in parasitism risk among hosts, and the host preference of the parasitoid is one of the factors causing such variability. This study examined the host preferences of the pupal parasitoid Dirhinus giffardii (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) on pupae of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory. Dirhinus giffardii prefers large hosts and avoids hosts nearing eclosion when hosts are exposed to the parasitoid. This study reexamined the preferences when host pupae are in the soil (simulated by peat moss) because tephritid hosts, including B. dorsalis, pupate in the soil. Results showed that D. giffardii preferentially parasitized large hosts when hosts were exposed, but host size‐dependent parasitism was absent when hosts were in the soil. Preference on host age was absent even when hosts were exposed, contradicting the results of previous studies. The discrepancy was examined by performing a follow‐up experiment to test the hypothesis that D. giffardii cannot distinguish host age, but eggs that are laid on older hosts cannot develop successfully. The parasitoid successfully hatched regardless of host age, and the hypothesis was rejected. Potential explanations for the discrepancy are discussed.

中文翻译：

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para寄生的地下宿主没有选择宿主

寄主－寄生虫的动态受到寄主间寄生虫风险变异性的严重影响，寄生虫的寄主偏好是造成这种变异性的因素之一。本研究的蛹期寄生的宿主喜好Dirhinus giffardii（西尔维斯特）：在东方果实的蛹（膜翅目Chalcididae）飞桔小实蝇实验室：（亨德尔）（双翅目实蝇科）。Dirhinus giffardii更喜欢大型宿主，并避免当宿主暴露于寄生虫时宿主接近羽化。这项研究重新审视喜好时，主机蛹在土壤中（由泥炭藓模拟），因为tephritid主机，包括桔小实蝇，化蛹在土壤中。结果表明，吉氏杜鹃当寄主暴露时，优先将大型寄主寄生，但是当寄主在土壤中时，不存在依赖于寄主大小的寄生虫。即使宿主暴露，也没有对宿主年龄的偏爱，这与以前的研究结果相矛盾。通过执行后续实验来检验这种差异，以检验吉夫氏酵母不能区分寄主年龄，但放置在较旧寄主上的卵不能成功发育的假说。无论寄主的年龄如何，这种寄生虫都能成功孵化，并且这一假设被拒绝了。讨论了差异的可能解释。