Piezoelectric sensitivity and energy-harvesting parameters are studied for a novel lead-free 1–3–0 composite where domain-engineered single-crystal rods are surrounded by a polymer matrix containing two types of air pores. Correlation between some effective parameters, concerned with the high piezoelectric sensitivity of the composite, and the elastic properties of its porous matrix is first stated. Diagrams are first built to show volume-fraction ranges wherein conditions for large squared figures of merit ${(Q_{33}^{*})}^2=d_{33}^{*}{g}_{33}^{*}\ge 200\cdot {10}^{-12}{\text{Pa}}^{-1}$ (longitudinal) and ${(Q_h^{*})}^2=d_h^{*}{g}_h^{*}\ge 50\cdot {10}^{-12}{\text{Pa}}^{-1}$ (hydrostatic) hold, where $d_{33}^{*}$, $d_h^{*}$. $g_{33}^{*}$, and $g_h^{*}$ are piezoelectric coefficients of the composite. The studied composite is also of interest due to its large electromechanical coupling factors $k_t^{*}$ ≈ 0.8–0.9 (thickness) and $k_h^{*}$ ≈ 0.5–0.6 (hydrostatic). Piezoelectric sensitivity, electromechanical coupling factors and other characteristics are compared to those of a lead-containing 1–3–0 composite and a few 1–3 composites. Correlation between the effective parameters of the 1–3–0 composite and elastic properties of its porous matrix is discussed. Replacing the parallelepiped-shaped single-crystal rods with the cylindrical rods in the 1–3–0 composite leads to minor changes in the aforementioned parameters. The performance of the studied lead-free 1–3–0 composite proves its suitability for modern piezoelectric sensors, energy-harvesting and hydroacoustic devices.

对新型无铅1–3–0复合材料的压电敏感性和能量收集参数进行了研究，其中域工程单晶棒被包含两种类型气孔的聚合物基质包围。首先阐述了与复合材料的高压电敏感性有关的一些有效参数与其多孔基体的弹性之间的关系。首先建立图表以显示体积分数范围，其中大平方品质因数的条件${（{问}_{33}^{*}）}^2=d_{33}^{*}{G}_{33}^{*}\ge 200\cdot {10}^{-12}{\text{帕}}^{-\mathrm{1个}}$ （纵向）和 ${（{问}_H^{*}）}^2=d_H^{*}{G}_H^{*}\ge 50\cdot {10}^{-12}{\text{帕}}^{-\mathrm{1个}}$ （静水压）保持在哪里 $d_{33}^{*}$， $d_H^{*}$。 $G_{33}^{*}$和 $G_H^{*}$是复合材料的压电系数。所研究的复合材料也因其机电耦合系数大而受到关注${ķ}_{Ť}^{*}$ ≈0.8–0.9（厚度）和 ${ķ}_H^{*}$≈0.5–0.6（静液压）。将压电灵敏度，机电耦合因子和其他特性与含铅的1–3–0复合材料和少量的1–3复合材料进行了比较。讨论了1–3–0复合材料的有效参数与其多孔基体的弹性之间的相关性。用1–3–0复合材料中的圆柱棒代替平行六面体形状的单晶棒会导致上述参数的微小变化。研究的无铅1–3–0复合材料的性能证明了其适用于现代压电传感器，能量收集和水声设备。