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An alternative approach for robot localization inside pipes using RF spatial fadings
Robotics and Autonomous Systems ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.robot.2020.103702
Carlos Rizzo , Teresa Seco , Jesús Espelosín , Francisco Lera , José Luis Villarroel

Abstract Accurate robot localization represents a challenge inside pipes due to the particular conditions that characterize this type of environment. Outdoor techniques (GPS in particular) do not work at all inside metal pipes, while traditional indoor localization methods based on camera or laser sensors do not perform well mainly due to a lack of external illumination and distinctive features along pipes. Moreover, humidity and slippery surfaces make wheel odometry unreliable. In this paper, we estimate the localization of a robot along a pipe with an alternative Radio Frequency (RF) approach. We first analyze wireless propagation in metallic pipes and propose a series of setups that allow us to obtain periodic RF spatial fadings (a sort of standing wave periodic pattern), together with the influence of the antenna position and orientation over these fadings. Subsequently, we propose a discrete RF odometry-like method, by means of counting the fadings while traversing them. The transversal fading analysis (number of antennas and cross-section position) makes it possible to increase the resolution of this method. Lastly, the model of the signal is used in a continuous approach serving as an RF map. The proposed localization methods outperform our previous contributions in terms of resolution, accuracy, reliability and robustness. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the RF-based strategy without the need for a previously known map of the scenario or any substantial modification of the existing infrastructure.

中文翻译:

使用射频空间衰落进行管道内机器人定位的另一种方法

摘要 由于这种类型环境的特殊条件,精确的机器人定位是管道内的一项挑战。室外技术(尤其是 GPS)在金属管道内根本不起作用,而基于摄像头或激光传感器的传统室内定位方法表现不佳,主要是由于缺乏外部照明和管道沿线的独特特征。此外,潮湿和光滑的表面使车轮里程计不可靠。在本文中,我们使用替代射频 (RF) 方法估计机器人沿管道的定位。我们首先分析金属管道中的无线传播,并提出了一系列设置,使我们能够获得周期性的 RF 空间衰落(一种驻波周期性模式),以及天线位置和方向对这些衰落的影响。随后,我们提出了一种类似离散射频里程计的方法,通过在遍历它们时计算衰落。横向衰落分析(天线数量和横截面位置)可以提高该方法的分辨率。最后,信号模型在连续方法中用作 RF 映射。所提出的定位方法在分辨率、准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性方面优于我们之前的贡献。实验结果证明了基于 RF 的策略的有效性,而无需先前已知的场景地图或对现有基础设施进行任何实质性修改。通过在遍历它们时计算衰落。横向衰落分析(天线数量和横截面位置)可以提高该方法的分辨率。最后,信号模型在连续方法中用作 RF 映射。所提出的定位方法在分辨率、准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性方面优于我们之前的贡献。实验结果证明了基于 RF 的策略的有效性,而无需先前已知的场景地图或对现有基础设施进行任何实质性修改。通过在遍历它们时计算衰落。横向衰落分析(天线数量和横截面位置)可以提高该方法的分辨率。最后,信号模型在连续方法中用作 RF 映射。所提出的定位方法在分辨率、准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性方面优于我们之前的贡献。实验结果证明了基于 RF 的策略的有效性,而无需先前已知的场景地图或对现有基础设施进行任何实质性修改。信号模型在连续方法中用作 RF 映射。所提出的定位方法在分辨率、准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性方面优于我们之前的贡献。实验结果证明了基于 RF 的策略的有效性,而无需先前已知的场景地图或对现有基础设施进行任何实质性修改。信号模型在连续方法中用作 RF 映射。所提出的定位方法在分辨率、准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性方面优于我们之前的贡献。实验结果证明了基于 RF 的策略的有效性,而无需先前已知的场景地图或对现有基础设施进行任何实质性修改。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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