Abstract Ovarian cancer is the most significant cause of gynecological cancer mortality, with the majority of women with advanced disease. Although surgery and chemotherapy can enhance survival rates, the 5-year survival rates remain low at 45%. So, alternative treatment options need to be implemented to improve therapeutic outcomes. In the ovarian cancer tumor, the presence of T cells helps to improve the progression-free and overall survival, whereas a poor prognosis corresponds to the presence of regulatory T cells and expression of T cells inhibitory molecules. Analyzing the important role of these immune systems in cancer management, immunotherapy may create a sustained response to recurring ovarian cancer cells in the immune system. In addition, by boosting anti-tumor immune response, women’s prognosis with this lethal disease can be significantly influenced. Different immunotherapeutic strategies and nanoparticle-based strategies were used as potential treatment options to challenge tumor progression. This review discusses cytokine therapy, peptide vaccine, monoclonal antibody, dendritic cell-based vaccine, adoptive T cells transfer, and immune checkpoint inhibitors as well as different nanoparticles such as poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles, polyethyleneimine-based nanoparticles, and liposomes that offer a new paradigm in the treatment of ovarian cancer.

中文翻译：

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治疗卵巢癌的免疫治疗策略：现状和未来方向

摘要 卵巢癌是妇科癌症死亡的最重要原因，大多数女性已患晚期疾病。虽然手术和化疗可以提高生存率，但 5 年生存率仍然很低，只有 45%。因此，需要实施替代治疗方案以改善治疗效果。在卵巢癌肿瘤中，T 细胞的存在有助于改善无进展生存和总体生存，而不良预后对应于调节性 T 细胞的存在和 T 细胞抑制分子的表达。分析这些免疫系统在癌症管理中的重要作用，免疫疗法可能会对免疫系统中复发的卵巢癌细胞产生持续反应。此外，通过增强抗肿瘤免疫反应，患有这种致命疾病的女性的预后会受到显着影响。不同的免疫治疗策略和基于纳米粒子的策略被用作挑战肿瘤进展的潜在治疗选择。本综述讨论了细胞因子疗法、肽疫苗、单克隆抗体、基于树突细胞的疫苗、过继性 T 细胞转移和免疫检查点抑制剂以及不同的纳米粒子，如聚（乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物）纳米粒子、基于聚乙烯亚胺的纳米粒子、和脂质体为卵巢癌的治疗提供了新的范例。