Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo fatty acid synthesis, which plays a critical role in the growth and survival of cancer cells. In this study, a series of spiroketopyrazole derivatives bearing quinoline moieties were synthesized, and in vitro anticancer activities of these compounds as ACC inhibitors were evaluated. The biological evaluation showed that compound 7j exhibited the strongest enzyme inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 1.29 nM), while compound 7m displayed the most potent anti-proliferative activity against A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231 cells with corresponding IC₅₀ values of 0.55, 0.38, and 1.65 μM, respectively. The preliminary pharmacological studies confirmed that compound 7m reduced the intracellular malonyl-CoA and TG levels in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, it could down-regulate cyclin D1 and CDK4 to disturb the cell cycle and up-regulate Bax, caspase-3, and PARP along with the suppression of Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis. Notably, the combination of 7m with doxorubicin synergistically decreased the HepG2 cell viability. These results indicated that compound 7m as a single agent, or in combination with other antitumor drugs, might be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）是从头脂肪酸合成中的限速酶，在癌细胞的生长和存活中起关键作用。在这项研究中，合成了一系列带有喹啉部分的螺并吡咯衍生物，并评估了这些化合物作为ACC抑制剂的体外抗癌活性。生物学评估表明，化合物7j表现出最强的酶抑制活性（IC ₅₀ = 1.29 nM），而化合物7m对具有相应IC _50的A549，HepG2和MDA-MB-231细胞表现出最强的抗增殖活性。值分别为0.55、0.38和1.65μM。初步的药理研究证实，化合物7m以剂量依赖性方式降低细胞内丙二酰辅酶A和TG的水平。此外，它可能下调细胞周期蛋白D1和CDK4干扰细胞周期并上调Bax，caspase-3和PARP，同时抑制Bcl-2诱导细胞凋亡。值得注意的是，7m与阿霉素的组合协同降低了HepG2细胞的活力。这些结果表明，化合物7m作为单一药物或与其他抗肿瘤药物联合使用，可能是治疗肝细胞癌的有前途的治疗药物。