Eurasian Soil Science ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-27 , DOI: 10.1134/s1064229320110113 Sh. Rahimi , Z. Sharifi , G. Mastrolonardo
Abstract
This study compares the long-term effects of a wildfire on basic topsoil properties—bulk density, particle-size composition, pH, electrical conductivity, total C and N, inorganic C, cation exchangeable capacity, available N, P, Ca, Mg, and K—in the Zagros oak forest, Iran, with those induced by agricultural activity in a vineyard planted 30 years earlier in place of the forest. The soil, Calcaric Cambisol according to the World Reference Base, was studied in the (i) unburned forest, both inside (FI) and outside (FO) sprout clumps; (ii) burned forest, in areas subjected to high (BHI) or moderate (BMI) severity (both inside sprout clumps) and low (BLO) severity (outside sprout clumps); and (iii) vineyard, both under the foliage of vines (VI) and outside it (VO). In VI, VO, BHI and BMI most soil properties were significantly different from those of the unburned forest. A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis grouped together BHI and BMI and separated their unburned counterparts with 72% and 47% dissimilarity, respectively. The VI and VO treatments in the vineyard were closely related to each other, but separated from their unburned counterparts in the unburned forest soil with 149% and 69% dissimilarity, respectively. Overall, thirty years of farming exerted a stronger impact on the soil than a single, though severe, fire. Nevertheless, severe fire appeared to have a much more significant impact than every single yearly plowing.
中文翻译:
野火和耕作对伊朗扎格罗斯森林表土特性影响的比较研究
摘要
这项研究比较了野火对基本表土特性的长期影响,这些特性包括:散装密度,粒度组成,pH,电导率,总C和N,无机C,阳离子可交换容量,可利用的N,P,Ca,Mg,和K-在伊朗的Zagros橡树林中,以及那些由农业活动引起的,取代了30年前在葡萄园中种植的葡萄园所产生的。根据(World Reference Base)的土壤Calcaric Cambisol,是在(i)未燃烧的森林中进行研究的,该森林既有内部(FI)也是外部(FO)嫩芽丛;(ii)处于高(BHI)或中(BMI)严重程度(均在新芽丛内)和低(BLO)严重度(新芽丛外)的地区被烧毁的森林;和(iii)葡萄园,既在葡萄树的叶下(VI),又在葡萄树的叶下(VO)。在VI,VO,BHI和BMI中,大多数土壤性质与未燃烧森林的性质显着不同。层次聚类分析将BHI和BMI分组在一起,并以72%和47%的差异将未燃烧的对应物分开。葡萄园中的VI和VO处理彼此密切相关,但在未燃烧的森林土壤中与未燃烧的对应物分开,分别相差149%和69%。总体而言,三十年的耕作对土壤的影响要比一次(尽管是严重的)火灾更为强烈。然而,严重的火灾似乎比每一年进行一次耕作具有更大的影响。