6G networks are expected to provide extremely high capacity and satisfy emerging applications, but current frequency bands may not be sufficient. Moreover, 6G will provide superior coverage by integrating space/air/underwater networks with terrestrial networks, given that traditional wireless communications are not able to provide high-speed data rates for nonterrestrial networks. Visible light communication (VLC) is a high-speed communication technique with an unlicensed frequency range of 400-800 THz and can be adopted as an alternative approach to solving these problems. In this article, we present the prospects and challenges of VLC in 6G in conjunction with its advances in high-speed transmissions. Recent hot research interests, including new materials and devices, advanced modulation, underwater VLC (UVLC), and signal processing based on machine learning, are also discussed. It is envisaged that VLC will become an indispensable part of 6G given its high-speed transmission advantages and will cooperate with other communication methods to benefit our daily lives.

中文翻译：

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6G 中的可见光通信：进展、挑战和前景

6G 网络有望提供极高的容量并满足新兴应用的需求，但目前的频段可能还不够。此外，鉴于传统无线通信无法为非地面网络提供高速数据速率，6G 将通过将空间/空中/水下网络与地面网络集成来提供卓越的覆盖范围。可见光通信 (VLC) 是一种高速通信技术，无需许可的频率范围为 400-800 THz，可作为解决这些问题的替代方法。在本文中，我们将结合其在高速传输方面的进步，介绍 6G 中 VLC 的前景和挑战。近期研究热点，包括新材料与器件、先进调制、水下 VLC（UVLC）、还讨论了基于机器学习的信号处理。预计VLC凭借其高速传输的优势将成为6G不可或缺的一部分，并将与其他通信方式合作，造福我们的日常生活。