This article presents an E-band low-noise amplifier (LNA) co-designed and co-integrated with an on-chip multi-feed antenna for antenna-level LNA noise-canceling and $g_{m}$ -boosting. Different from conventional approaches that view antennas as a simple 50- $\Omega $ radiation load, we exploit antennas as multi-feed passive radiating networks with direct on-antenna signal conditioning and processing capabilities. Such an antenna-electronics co-design concept can potentially advance wireless front-end performance beyond electronics-only designs and opens the door to a plethora of front-end innovations. We also propose equivalent circuits to model multi-feed antenna systems and elucidate on-antenna signal processing operations. As a proof of concept, we propose an antenna-LNA co-designed architecture and explore the interactions among a common-gate (CG) LNA path, a common-source (CS) LNA path, and a pair of near-field coupled folded slot antennas for on-antenna noise-cancellation and $g_{m}$ -boosting. In the measurements, a true Y-factor radiation method is introduced as a new approach to measure the noise figure (NF) of the on-chip multi-feed antenna and LNA/RX integration. Then, we perform the conventional sensitivity-based NF measurement. Both measurements show accurate and consistent NF characterization at high millimeter-wave (mm-Wave). The E-band antenna-LNA front end is implemented in the Globalfoundries 45-nm CMOS SOI process and demonstrates 4.8-dB NF with 2.2-dBm IIP₃, achieving the best reported FoM at similar frequencies. Furthermore, over-the-air modulation tests are demonstrated, supporting > 10-Gb/s high-fidelity high-order QAM signals over an E-band wireless link.

中文翻译：

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多馈电天线和电子协同设计：具有天线上降噪和 Gₘ-Boosting 的 E-Band 天线-LNA 前端

本文介绍了一种 E 波段低噪声放大器 (LNA)，它与片上多馈电天线共同设计和集成，用于天线级 LNA 噪声消除和 $g_{m}$ - 提升。不同于将天线视为简单的 50- $\欧米茄 $ 辐射负载，我们利用天线作为具有直接天线信号调节和处理能力的多馈源无源辐射网络。这种天线-电子协同设计概念有可能将无线前端性能提升到超越纯电子设计的范围，并为大量前端创新打开大门。我们还提出了等效电路来模拟多馈电天线系统并阐明天线信号处理操作。作为概念证明，我们提出了一种天线-LNA 协同设计架构，并探索了共栅极 (CG) LNA 路径、共源 (CS) LNA 路径和一对近场耦合折叠用于天线上噪声消除的缝隙天线和 $g_{m}$ - 提升。在测量中，引入了真正的 Y 因子辐射方法作为测量片上多馈天线和 LNA/RX 集成噪声系数 (NF) 的新方法。然后，我们执行传统的基于灵敏度的 NF 测量。两种测量都显示了高毫米波 (mm-Wave) 下准确且一致的 NF 特性。E-band 天线-LNA 前端采用 Globalfoundries 45-nm CMOS SOI 工艺实现，并展示了 4.8-dB NF 和 2.2-dBm IIP ₃，在类似频率下实现了最佳的 FoM。此外，还演示了空中调制测试，通过 E 波段无线链路支持 > 10 Gb/s 的高保真高阶 QAM 信号。