Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 , DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.556660 Stephen Camarata 1 , Lucy Jane Miller 2, 3 , Mark T Wallace 1, 4
For more than 50 years, “Sensory Integration” has been a theoretical framework for diagnosing and treating disabilities in children under the umbrella of “sensory integration dysfunction” (SID). More recently, the approach has been reframed as “the dimensions of sensory processing” or SPD in place of SID, so the review herein describes this collective framework as sensory integration/sensory processing treatment (SI/SP-T) for ASD. This review is not focused on diagnosis of SI/SPD. Broadly, the SI/SPD intervention approach views a plethora of disabilities such as ADHD, ASD, and disruptive behavior as being exacerbated by difficulties in modulating and integrating sensory input with a primary focus on contributions from tactile, proprioceptive, and vestibular systems which are hypothesized to contribute to core symptoms of the conditions (e.g., ASD). SI/SP intervention procedures include sensory protocols designed to enhance tactile, proprioceptive, and vestibular experiences. SI/SP-T procedures utilize equipment (e.g., lycra swings, balance beams, climbing walls, and trampolines), specific devices (e.g., weighted vests, sensory brushes) and activities (e.g., placing hands in messy substances such as shaving cream, sequenced movements) hypothesized to enhance sensory integration and sensory processing. The approach is reviewed herein to provide a framework for testing SI/SP-T using widely accepted clinical trials and event coding methods used in applied behavior analysis (ABA) and other behavioral interventions. Also, a related but distinct neuroscientific paradigm,
中文翻译:
评估感觉统合/感觉处理治疗:问题与分析
50多年来,“感觉统合”一直是“感觉统合功能障碍”(SID)范畴内诊断和治疗儿童残疾的理论框架。最近,该方法被重新定义为“感觉处理的维度”或 SPD 来代替 SID,因此本文的评论将这个集体框架描述为 ASD 的感觉整合/感觉处理治疗 (SI/SP-T)。本综述的重点不是 SI/SPD 的诊断。从广义上讲,SI/SPD 干预方法认为,ADHD、ASD 和破坏性行为等过多的残疾是由于调节和整合感觉输入的困难而加剧的,主要关注假设的触觉、本体感觉和前庭系统的贡献导致疾病的核心症状(例如自闭症谱系障碍(ASD))。SI/SP 干预程序包括旨在增强触觉、本体感觉和前庭体验的感觉方案。SI/SP-T 程序利用设备(例如,莱卡秋千、平衡木、攀岩墙和蹦床)、特定装置(例如,加重背心、感觉刷)和活动(例如,将手放在剃须膏等脏乱的物质中,序列运动)假设可以增强感觉统合和感觉处理。本文综述了该方法,以提供使用广泛接受的临床试验和应用行为分析 (ABA) 和其他行为干预中使用的事件编码方法来测试 SI/SP-T 的框架。此外,一个相关但独特的神经科学范式,