Transport-induced-charge (TIC) phenomena, in which the concentration imbalance between cations and anions occurs when more than two chemical potential gradients coexist within an ultrathin dimension, entail numerous nanofluidic systems. Evidence has indicated that the presence of TIC produces a nonlinear response of electroosmotic flow to the applied voltage, resulting in complex fluid behavior. In this study, we theoretically investigate thermal effects due to Joule heating on TIC phenomena in an ultrathin nanopore by computational fluid dynamics simulation. Our modeling results show that the rise of local temperature inside the nanopore significantly enhances TIC effects and thus has a significant influence on electroosmotic behavior. A local maximum of the solution conductivity occurs near the entrance of the nanopore at the high salt concentration end, resulting in a reversal of TIC across the nanopore. The Joule heating effects increase the reversal of TIC with the synergy of the negatively charged nanopore, and they also enhance the electroosmotic flow regardless of whether the nanopore is charged. These theoretical observations will improve our knowledge of nonclassical electrokinetic phenomena for flow control in nanopore systems.

中文翻译：

---

焦耳热对超薄纳米孔中运输诱导电荷现象的影响

传输感应电荷（TIC）现象，其中在超薄尺寸内同时存在两个以上化学势梯度时，会发生阳离子和阴离子之间的浓度失衡，这需要许多纳米流体系统。有证据表明，TIC的存在会产生电渗流对施加电压的非线性响应，从而导致复杂的流体行为。在这项研究中，我们通过计算流体动力学模拟从理论上研究了焦耳加热对超薄纳米孔中TIC现象的热影响。我们的建模结果表明，纳米孔内部局部温度的升高显着增强了TIC效应，因此对电渗行为具有重大影响。溶液电导率的局部最大值出现在高盐浓度端处的纳米孔的入口附近，导致整个纳米孔的TIC反转。焦耳热效应通过带负电荷的纳米孔的协同作用增加了TIC的逆转，并且无论纳米孔是否带电，它们还增强了电渗流。这些理论观察将提高我们对纳米孔系统中流量控制的非经典电动现象的认识。