Five new species of the genus Sarsamphiascus Huys, 2009 were collected from a small Korean beach, which is a record for the number of syntopic copepod congeners. They differ in numerous macro-morphological characters, some of which extend generic boundaries, and are classified in two species groups. Diossacins are widely regarded as taxonomically problematic, and the new discovery presents an opportunity to test characters commonly used in their systematics through a cladistic analysis. Another aim is to test with landmark-based geometric morphometrics the extent of inter- and intraspecific variability of characters with reported significant variation but commonly used in diosaccin taxonomy. The cladistic analysis, based on 14 binary characters, reveals at least three distinct clades among five new species, which, in addition to significant size differences, probably facilitates their syntopy. Some characters previously used to distinguish species groups in Sarsamphiascus, and to distinguish this genus from other diosaccins, are exposed as symplesiomorphies, suggesting that some of these groups might not be monophyletic. Studies of alternative characters are suggested, including cuticular organs on somites, which are surveyed for the first time in this genus. Principal component analysis (PCA) of nine landmarks on the female fifth leg exopod reveals that 70% of variability can be explained by the first two eigenvectors and that in morphospace there is no overlap between Korean species, despite a significant intraspecific variability. Discriminant function analysis with cross-validation shows highly significant results, both in parametric tests and after 10,000 permutation runs, correctly classifying all specimens for all species pairs and suggesting the fifth leg exopod as an ideal taxonomic character here. Evolutionary integration of the morphometric data is tested by plotting PCA scores onto the cladistic tree; randomized permutation test suggests an absence of statistically significant phylogenetic signal. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:31913865-E23D-4E76-97B0-2F6D791E717A

中文翻译：

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五种新同属 Sarsamphiascus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) 的分支和定量形状分析：diosaccin 系统学和分类学的问题和解决方案

Sarsamphiascus Huys 属的五个新物种，2009 年从韩国的一个小海滩收集到，这是同位桡足类同源物数量的记录。它们在许多宏观形态特征上有所不同，其中一些扩展了类属边界，并分为两个物种组。薯蓣素被广泛认为在分类学上有问题，新发现提供了一个机会，可以通过分支分析来测试其系统学中常用的特征。另一个目的是使用基于地标的几何形态测量学测试特征的种间和种内变异的程度，报告有显着变化，但通常用于薯蓣分类学。基于 14 个二进制字符的分支分析揭示了五个新物种中至少三个不同的分支，其中，除了显着的尺寸差异外，可能还有利于他们的同构。以前用于区分 Sarsamphiascus 中的物种组以及将该属与其他薯蓣菌素区分开来的一些特征被暴露为 symplesiomorphies，表明这些组中的一些可能不是单系的。建议研究替代性状，包括体节上的表皮器官，这是该属首次调查。对女性第五条腿外足上九个地标的主成分分析 (PCA) 表明，前两个特征向量可以解释 70% 的变异性，并且尽管存在显着的种内变异性，但在形态空间中，韩国物种之间没有重叠。带有交叉验证的判别函数分析显示了非常显着的结果，无论是在参数测试中还是在 10 之后，000 次排列运行，正确分类了所有物种对的所有标本，并建议第五腿外足动物在这里是理想的分类特征。通过将 PCA 分数绘制到分支树上来测试形态测量数据的进化整合；随机排列测试表明没有统计显着的系统发育信号。http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:31913865-E23D-4E76-97B0-2F6D791E717A