2D nanoscale patterns have been extensively investigated for various applications including information storage devices, non‐volatile memory devices, chemical or biological sensors. Recently, such nanostructured patterns have been gaining lots of attention because of their potential uses as meta‐materials or meta‐surfaces with unnatural optical properties. In particular, self‐assembled colloidal monolayers of gold nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated as optical meta‐materials for unnaturally high refractive index (n_eff > 4) at optical frequency. Raspberry‐like particles or spherical assembly of NPs are also investigated for negative or near‐zero index of refraction. Thanks to the recent advance in colloidal chemistry for shaping NPs with controlling the interaction, non‐close‐packed, or even non‐periodic colloidal nanostructures can be achieved, which may be potentially useful for optical meta‐surfaces. In this article, a brief introduction of optical meta‐materials is provided and recent progress for high‐index and negative‐index meta‐materials are reviewed. In the second part, the meta‐surfaces will be briefly described including fundamental principle and some of the key potential applications. Finally, the recent experimental progress of high‐precision self‐assembly for the meta‐surface fabrication will be discussed.

中文翻译：

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自组装胶体纳米模式对非自然光学元材料的影响

二维纳米级图案已经广泛研究了各种应用，包括信息存储设备，非易失性存储设备，化学或生物传感器。近年来，这种纳米结构图案因其潜在用途而成为具有非自然光学特性的超材料或超表面，因此受到了广泛的关注。特别是，金纳米颗粒（NPs）的自组装胶体单层已被证明是光学超材料，具有非自然的高折射率（n _eff > 4）。还研究了树莓状颗粒或NP的球形组装体的负折射率或接近零折射率。得益于胶体化学的最新进展，该胶体化学通过控制相互作用来塑造NP，可以实现非紧密堆积甚至是非周期性的胶体纳米结构，这可能对光学超表面有用。本文简要介绍了光学超常材料，并回顾了高折射率和负折射率超常材料的最新进展。在第二部分中，将简要描述元表面，包括基本原理和一些关键的潜在应用。最后，将讨论用于超表面制造的高精度自组装的最新实验进展。