Abstract Lignocelluloses’ pretreatment is targeted for the improvement of hydrolysis of their carbohydrates, i.e., cellulose and hemicelluloses. Modification of the hardheaded structure of lignocelluloses is a fundamental stair in biofuels and biochemicals production. The high crystalline configurations of cellulose embed with hemicelluloses and lignin, give rise to recalcitrance structure. Second-generation biofuel production processes, using lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock, is based on a three-stage process, including pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. The pretreatment stage is the most critical, influencing, costly stage. The perfect pretreatment process is designated to provide minimum cellulosic crystallinity with remarkable low lignin content as well as inhibitory compounds through a sustainable economical process. In the present review, advances in lignocellulosic pretreatment technologies for biofuels production are reviewed and critically discussed. The article further discusses the pros and cons of the various pretreatment methodologies as well as addresses the role and impact of different process parameters associated with the pretreatment process.

中文翻译：

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用于生物燃料生产的木质纤维素残留物预处理的当前挑战和创新发展：综述

摘要 木质纤维素的预处理旨在改善其碳水化合物（即纤维素和半纤维素）的水解。木质纤维素硬质结构的改性是生物燃料和生物化学品生产的基本步骤。嵌入半纤维素和木质素的纤维素的高结晶构型产生了顽固结构。使用木质纤维素生物质作为原料的第二代生物燃料生产工艺基于三个阶段的过程，包括预处理、酶水解和发酵。预处理阶段是最关键、影响最大、成本最高的阶段。完美的预处理过程旨在通过可持续的经济过程提供最低的纤维素结晶度和显着的低木质素含量以及抑制性化合物。在本综述中，对用于生物燃料生产的木质纤维素预处理技术的进展进行了回顾和批判性讨论。本文进一步讨论了各种预处理方法的优缺点，并讨论了与预处理过程相关的不同工艺参数的作用和影响。