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Dilemma of introducing a green product: Impacts of cost learning and environmental regulation
Applied Mathematical Modelling ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2020.11.026
Xiaoxi Zhu , Raymond Chiong , Kai Liu , Minglun Ren

Abstract External factors, such as the increasing environmental awareness among consumers and introduction of environmental regulations by governments, have stimulated manufacturers to produce new green products. Cost factors, on the other hand, encourage the continuation of older generation products and hinder the launch of new green products. To study this dilemma, we consider a single manufacturer with the ability of cost learning from the production of an older generation product, and it intends to launch a new green product. We first derive the optimal pricing and production strategies of the manufacturer based on accumulated cost learning using dynamic programming techniques. Then, we identify the threshold conditions for producing the new green product and the Pareto area that can increase both the profit of the manufacturer and surplus of consumers. For comparison purposes, we also study the impact of external regulations such as environmental taxes on the introduction of a new green product – with results suggesting that the implementation of environmental taxes promotes the accessibility of green products and reduces the Pareto area of profit and consumer surplus. We also find that, under the influence of cost learning, the introduction of new greener products and the implementation of environmental taxes serve to reduce the total environmental damage done by the manufacturer. Results of our models should provide instructive managerial insights for the introduction of new greener products.

中文翻译:

引入绿色产品的困境:成本学习和环境监管的影响

摘要 消费者环保意识的增强和政府出台环保法规等外部因素刺激了制造商生产新的绿色产品。另一方面,成本因素鼓励老一代产品的延续,并阻碍新绿色产品的推出。为了研究这个困境,我们考虑一个具有从老一代产品的生产中学习成本的能力的单一制造商,它打算推出一种新的绿色产品。我们首先使用动态规划技术基于累积成本学习得出制造商的最优定价和生产策略。然后,我们确定了生产新绿色产品的阈值条件和可以增加制造商利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域。出于比较的目的,我们还研究了环境税等外部法规对引入新绿色产品的影响——结果表明环境税的实施促进了绿色产品的可及性,并减少了利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域. 我们还发现,在成本学习的影响下,引入新的绿色产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。出于比较的目的,我们还研究了环境税等外部法规对引入新绿色产品的影响——结果表明环境税的实施促进了绿色产品的可及性,并减少了利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域. 我们还发现,在成本学习的影响下,引入更绿色的新产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。出于比较的目的,我们还研究了环境税等外部法规对引入新绿色产品的影响——结果表明环境税的实施促进了绿色产品的可及性,并减少了利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域. 我们还发现,在成本学习的影响下,引入更绿色的新产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。我们还研究了环境税等外部法规对引入新绿色产品的影响——结果表明,环境税的实施促进了绿色产品的可及性,并减少了利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域。我们还发现,在成本学习的影响下,引入更绿色的新产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。我们还研究了环境税等外部法规对引入新绿色产品的影响——结果表明,环境税的实施促进了绿色产品的可及性,并减少了利润和消费者剩余的帕累托区域。我们还发现,在成本学习的影响下,引入新的绿色产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。推出更环保的新产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境造成的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。推出更环保的新产品和征收环境税有助于减少制造商对环境造成的总体损害。我们模型的结果应该为引入新的绿色产品提供指导性的管理见解。
更新日期:2021-04-01
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