Enterobacter sp. A11 and Comamonas sp. A23 were isolated and identified. Coculturing these two strains with Cd(II) led to the production of biofilm, H₂S, and succinic acid (SA), and Cd(II) was adsorbed by cells and formed CdS precipitates. After centrifugation, 97% Cd(II) was removed from the coculture. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses of the cocultured bacteria revealed that H₂S and SA production pathways, metal transportation, and TCA cycle were active under Cd(II) stress. In vitro addition of SA enhanced the production of H₂S and biofilm formation and Cd(II) adsorption. Two-season greenhouse pot experiments with Brassica rapa L. were performed with and without the coculture bacteria. Compared with the control, the average Cd amounts of the two-season pot experiments of the aboveground plants were decreased by 71.3%, 62.8%, and 38.6%, and the nonbioavailable and immobilized Cd in the soils were increased by 211.8%, 213.4%, and 116.7%, for low-, medium-, and high- Cd-spiked soils, respectively. The two strains survived well in soil during plant growth using plate counting, quantitative real-time PCR, and metagenomics analysis. Our results indicate that the combination of Enterobacter and Comamonas strains with the production of H₂S and biofilm are important effectors for the highly efficient immobilization of Cd.

中文翻译：

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在小白菜的盆栽实验中使用混合肠杆菌和Comamonas细菌试剂固定镉。

肠杆菌属。A11和Comamonas sp。分离并鉴定出A23。将这两个菌株与Cd（II）共培养导致产生生物膜，H ₂ S和琥珀酸（SA），并且Cd（II）被细胞吸附并形成CdS沉淀物。离心后，从共培养物中除去97％的Cd（II）。对共培养细菌的蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析表明，在Cd（II）胁迫下，H ₂ S和SA的产生途径，金属运输和TCA循环活跃。体外添加SA增强了H ₂ S的产生以及生物膜的形成和Cd（II）的吸附。甘蓝型油菜两季温室盆栽试验L.在有和没有共培养细菌的情况下进行。与对照相比，地上植物两季盆栽试验的平均Cd量减少了71.3％，62.8％和38.6％，土壤中不可生物利用和固定化的Cd分别增加了211.8％，213.4％分别为低，中和高Cd掺加土壤的116.7％。使用平板计数，实时荧光定量PCR和宏基因组学分析，这两种菌株在植物生长过程中在土壤中存活良好。我们的结果表明，肠杆菌和Comamonas菌株与H ₂ S和生物膜的产生的结合是高效固定Cd的重要作用。