One of the main advantages of camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is its wide environmental adaptability and extreme drought tolerance. The availability of both winter and spring camelina biotypes, characterized by different seed sizes, raises the question about possible differences in their response to drought stress at the emergence stage. To address this, a germination test was set up in controlled conditions, comparing six winter and six spring genotypes with differing seed sizes (ranging from 1.83 to 0.88 g/1000-seeds) under increasing levels of osmotic stress (0, −0.4, −0.8, −1.2, −1.4, −1.6 MPa) using polyethylene glycol (PEG). Camelina withstands mild level of osmotic stress (−0.4 MPa) without significant decrease in germination. Even at −1.2 MPa after 10 d, it still had 75% germination. Significant differences in germination were observed between biotypes, where spring biotypes performed better than winter ones. Shoot and radicle lengths were significantly diminished by imposed osmotic stress, but shoot growth seemed more impacted. In general, spring biotypes had longer shoots and radicles than winter ones. Seed size played a role in the response of camelina to drought, but it depended on biotype and stress level imposed. In particular large seeded spring types had the highest germination percentage and resulted less impaired by osmotic stress, otherwise among the tested winter types the small seeded ones were the best performing. The presented data could be useful for breeding purposes for selecting the appropriate camelina type for sowing in drought-prone regions.

中文翻译：

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新兴油料作物山茶的生物类型和种子大小会影响耐旱性吗？

一个亚麻的主要优点（亚麻荠（L.）Crantz）是其广泛的环境适应性和极高的耐旱性。以种子大小不同为特征的冬季和春季山茶花生物型的可用性提出了一个问题，即在萌芽阶段它们对干旱胁迫的反应可能存在差异。为了解决这个问题，在受控条件下进行了发芽测试，比较了在增加的渗透胁迫水平（0，-0.4，-）下具有不同种子大小（范围从1.83至0.88 g / 1000个种子）的六个冬季和六个春季基因型。 0.8，-1.2，-1.4，-1.6 MPa）使用聚乙二醇（PEG）。Camelina可以承受中等水平的渗透压（-0.4 MPa），而发芽率却没有明显降低。即使在10 d后在-1.2 MPa下，其发芽率仍为75％。观察到生物型之间发芽的显着差异，春季生物型的表现要好于冬季。施加的渗透胁迫显着降低了芽和胚根的长度，但芽的生长似乎受到的影响更大。通常，春季生物型的芽和胚根比冬季生物型的长。种子大小在山茶花对干旱的响应中起作用，但它取决于生物类型和施加的胁迫水平。特别是大种子春季类型的发芽率最高，并且受渗透胁迫的影响较小，否则在测试的冬季类型中，小型种子表现最佳。所提供的数据可用于育种目的，以便在干旱多发地区选择合适的茶花类型进行播种。但芽的生长似乎受到的影响更大。通常，春季生物型的芽和胚根比冬季生物型的长。种子大小在山茶花对干旱的响应中起作用，但它取决于生物类型和施加的胁迫水平。特别是大种子春季类型的发芽率最高，并且受渗透胁迫的影响较小，否则在测试的冬季类型中，小型种子表现最佳。所提供的数据可用于育种目的，以便在干旱多发地区选择合适的茶花类型进行播种。但芽的生长似乎受到的影响更大。通常，春季生物型的芽和胚根比冬季生物型的长。种子大小在山茶花对干旱的响应中起作用，但它取决于生物类型和施加的胁迫水平。特别是大种子春季类型的发芽率最高，并且受渗透胁迫的影响较小，否则在测试的冬季类型中，小型种子表现最佳。所提供的数据可用于育种目的，以便在干旱多发地区选择合适的茶花类型进行播种。特别是大种子春季类型的发芽率最高，并且受渗透胁迫的影响较小，否则在测试的冬季类型中，小型种子表现最佳。所提供的数据可用于育种目的，以便在干旱多发地区选择合适的茶花类型进行播种。特别是大种子春季类型的发芽率最高，并且受渗透胁迫的影响较小，否则在测试的冬季类型中，小型种子表现最佳。所提供的数据可用于育种目的，以便在干旱多发地区选择合适的茶花类型进行播种。