Surface-grafted poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) films were prepared by both in and ex situ cross-linking methods with reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Cross-linked brushes are more stable than linear brushes without sacrificing the surface functionality and, therefore, have increased potential for applications in biomedicine and materials chemistry. The two methods, in situ via a bifunctional cross-linker and ex situ via thermal cross-linking, were systematically compared on silicon-wafer substrates. Films obtained through in situ cross-linking were superior to films derived from our ex situ cross-linking technique with respect to responsive behavior and controlling the formation of polymer brushes on the surface. Alternatively, more stable layers were obtained by the ex situ cross-linking method using a cross-linker based on Meldrum’s acid, where the film structure could be changed from a brush to collapsed film morphologies with an increasing cross-linker ratio.

中文翻译：

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表面接枝型离子液体具有可调谐形态通过在/易地交联方法

表面接枝的聚（离子液体）（PIL）膜通过两制备中和易地交联用可逆加成-断裂链转移方法（RAFT）聚合。交联刷在不牺牲表面功能的情况下比线性刷更稳定，因此在生物医学和材料化学中的应用潜力更大。这两种方法，在原位通过双功能交联剂和易地通过热交联，进行了系统相比在硅晶片基材上。通过原位交联获得的薄膜优于我们原位衍生的薄膜响应行为和控制聚合物刷在表面上形成的交联技术。可替代地，通过所获得的更稳定的层易地使用基于麦德鲁姆酸，其中该膜结构可以从刷被改变以折叠薄膜形态具有增加交联剂比率交联剂交联方法。