Abstract Flexible electronics have become fast-growing fields after the discovery of various nanomaterials especially in the area of flexible strain sensors. High flexibility, stretchability, sensitivity, and compatibility are some essential requirements of flexible strain sensors. Currently developed nanomaterials have shown excellent performances as functional materials in sensing devices. These materials are preferred over conventional materials due to their stable mechanical and electronic behavior in diverse applications. This article presents current research progress in flexible and stretchable strain sensors. The performance of six nanomaterials i.e. Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), MXene, Metal Nanowires, Conducting Polymers, and Liquid Metals, used as a flexible conductive element in various strain sensors is evaluated. The compatibility of presently used fabrication techniques with these nanomaterials is highlighted. The importance of design and structures in the performance of strain sensors is also briefly discussed. In the last, challenges which limit the use of these nanomaterials in flexible electronics are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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纳米材料的意义、设计考虑和制造技术对应变传感器性能的影响——综述

摘要 随着各种纳米材料的发现，尤其是在柔性应变传感器领域，柔性电子成为快速发展的领域。高柔韧性、可拉伸性、灵敏度和兼容性是柔性应变传感器的一些基本要求。目前开发的纳米材料作为传感设备中的功能材料已显示出优异的性能。这些材料优于传统材料，因为它们在各种应用中具有稳定的机械和电子行为。本文介绍了柔性和可拉伸应变传感器的当前研究进展。评估了六种纳米材料的性能，即石墨烯、碳纳米管 (CNT)、MXene、金属纳米线、导电聚合物和液态金属，用作各种应变传感器中的柔性导电元件。强调了目前使用的制造技术与这些纳米材料的兼容性。还简要讨论了设计和结构对应变传感器性能的重要性。最后，还讨论了限制这些纳米材料在柔性电子产品中使用的挑战。