Options for disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis have increased over the past two decades. Among these innovations are interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, fumaric acid and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors, an antibody targeting the migration of immune cells, a compound that traps immune cells in lymphoid organs by sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulation and immune-reconstitution therapies. Second-generation drugs such as pegylated interferon-β, advanced CD20 depleting antibodies, more-specific S1PR modulators and new formulations have been developed to achieve higher efficacy while exhibiting fewer side effects. In this review, we address the shortcomings of the parent drugs, present the pros and cons of the second-generation therapies and summarize upcoming developments in the field of immunotherapy for multiple sclerosis.

在过去的二十年里，多发性硬化症的疾病改善疗法的选择有所增加。这些创新包括干扰素-β、醋酸格拉替雷、富马酸和二氢乳清酸脱氢酶抑制剂、一种靶向免疫细胞迁移的抗体、一种通过 1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体 (S1PR) 调节和免疫重建将免疫细胞捕获在淋巴器官中的化合物疗法。第二代药物如聚乙二醇化干扰素-β、先进的 CD20 耗竭抗体、更具特异性的 S1PR 调节剂和新配方已经开发出来，以实现更高的疗效，同时表现出更少的副作用。在这篇综述中，我们解决了母体药物的缺点，