NOACs, commonly known as novel oral anticoagulants, are the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants which are relatively newer in the market. It has displaced vitamin K antagonists, notably warfarin, for many indications. These agents are dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban. The drugs are licenced to prevent stroke and also systemic embolism in patients on treatment for atrial fibrillation and prevent venous thromboembolism. Rivaroxaban and apixaban are approved for prophylaxis of thrombus following surgical hip or knee arthroplasty. The recent surveys reveal that use of NOACs has steeply increased due to its safety profile and convenience to use. Also, the studies have shown that NOACs have lesser bleeding complications and associated mortality in contrast to traditional anticoagulants. The upcoming years are known to be NOACs’ age due to the significant findings in this area. Therefore, a basic understanding on these drugs is highly recommended to provide a better service to the patients. This article aims to provide quick and brief information on the novel class of drugs. It equips an overview of NOAC and deals with the following areas: (i) pharmacology, (ii) laboratory methods, (iii) peri-operative management, (iv) advantages, (v) challenges, and (vi) future.

中文翻译：

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NOACs：一类新兴的口服抗凝药-评论文章

NOAC通常被称为新型口服抗凝剂，是市场上相对较新的非维生素K拮抗剂口服抗凝剂。许多迹象表明，它已经取代了维生素K拮抗剂，尤其是华法林。这些药物是达比加群，利伐沙班，阿哌沙班和依多沙班。该药物已获得许可，可在治疗房颤的患者中预防中风和全身性栓塞，并预防静脉血栓栓塞。利伐沙班和阿哌沙班被批准用于预防髋关节或膝关节置换术后的血栓。最近的调查表明，由于NOAC的安全性和使用方便性，其使用已急剧增加。而且，研究表明，与传统的抗凝剂相比，NOACs的出血并发症和相关死亡率更低。由于该领域的重大发现，未来几年被称为NOAC的年龄。因此，强烈建议对这些药物有一个基本的了解，以便为患者提供更好的服务。本文旨在提供有关新型药物的快速简短信息。它概述了NOAC，并涉及以下领域：（i）药理学，（ii）实验室方法，（iii）围手术期管理，（iv）优势，（v）挑战，以及（vi）未来。