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Water, waste, energy and food nexus in Brazil: Identifying a resource interlinkage research agenda through a systematic review
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ( IF 15.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110554
Lilia Caiado Couto , Luiza C. Campos , Warde da Fonseca-Zang , Joachim Zang , Raimund Bleischwitz

The resource nexus consists of a framework to address interlinkages between natural resources and systems that provide water, energy, food and waste management. It transcends traditional assessments conducted in “silos”, raising trade-offs and synergies that are rarely acknowledged. The nexus framework is intrinsically context-specific, as each respective region has particularities in terms of critical interlinkages. Brazil is the world's eighth largest economy [1] and is heavily reliant on natural resources. This paper considers Brazil to be a textbook case for nexus research that identifies critical interlinkages that are neglected by literature, which is typically based on single-resource analysis. It proposes a research agenda to advance resource nexus assessments and improve resource governance in Brazil. We propose a novel method for nexus research, systematically reviewing geographical context-specific papers in relevant single nexus dimensions and establishing resource interlinkages that characterise research gaps and policy priorities. We found that 36% of practices reviewed involve more than one resource at a time, characterising interlinkages not analysed by the literature. Lastly, selected quantitative indicators were used to identify critical interlinkages by analysing the representativeness of practices in the national context, and the relevance of synergies or trade-offs for Brazil. Critical interlinkages in Brazil were found to be irrigation for energy crop expansion (water, food and energy); transport biofuels and fuelwood (water, energy, food); deforestation for new pasture (water, energy, food); and hydropower generation (water and energy). These are, therefore, priorities for future nexus research and for efforts to address synergies and trade-offs in resource governance.



中文翻译:

巴西的水,废物,能源与食物之间的联系:通过系统的审查确定资源相互联系的研究议程

资源联系由一个框架解决自然资源与提供水,能源,食品和废物管理的系统之间的相互联系组成。它超越了在“孤岛”中进行的传统评估,提高了人们很少承认的权衡和协同作用。链接框架本质上是特定于上下文的,因为每个区域在关键互连方面都有其特殊性。巴西是世界第八大经济体[1],并且严重依赖自然资源。本文认为巴西是联系研究的教科书案例,它确定了文献所忽略的关键相互联系,而这些联系通常是基于单一资源分析的。它提出了一项研究议程,以推进资源关系评估并改善巴西的资源治理。我们提出了一种新的关系研究方法,系统地在相关的单个关系维度上审查了特定于地理背景的论文,并建立了表征研究空白和政策重点的资源链接。我们发现,所审查的实践中有36%一次涉及多个资源,其特点是没有文献分析过的相互联系。最后,通过分析国家实践中的代表性以及巴西协同增效或权衡取舍的相关性,使用选定的量化指标来确定关键的相互联系。人们发现,巴西的关键相互联系是灌溉,以扩大能源作物的生产(水,粮食和能源)。运输生物燃料和薪柴(水,能源,食物);砍伐新牧场(水,能源,食物);水力发电(水和能源)。因此,这些是未来关系研究以及解决资源治理中的协同作用和权衡问题的工作的优先事项。

更新日期:2020-11-25
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