Group C particles are often regarded as non-fluidizable but have proven to effectively fluidize with nanoparticle addition, which results in small bubbles and a high gas holdup in the dense phase during the experiments. Group C⁺ particles provide an increased surface area for gas–solid contact and improve the reaction performance, especially for gas-phase catalytic reactions. On the basis of a previous study of the ozone decomposition reaction using Group C⁺ particles, a two-phase model was used to evaluate the reactor contact efficiency, and was used to compare the partial oxidation performance of the n-butane to maleic anhydride reaction in fluidized-bed catalytic reactors of Group C⁺ and Group A particles. The reactor with Group C⁺ particles achieved a higher n-butane conversion and MAN yield compared with that using Group A particles, based on the identical catalyst quantity or on the same gas residence time. Therefore, the reactor with Group C⁺ particles can achieve the same reaction conversion and yield with fewer catalysts or a smaller reactor size, or both. Therefore, the fluidized bed catalytic reactor of Group C⁺ particles is expected to be of major significance in industrial processes, especially for gas-phase catalytic reactions.

C组颗粒通常被认为是不可流动的，但已证明可通过添加纳米颗粒有效地流化，从而在实验过程中导致小气泡和致密相中的高气体滞留率。C ⁺粒子增加了气固接触的表面积并改善了反应性能，尤其是对于气相催化反应。在先前对使用C ^{+ +}颗粒进行臭氧分解反应的研究的基础上，使用两相模型评估反应器的接触效率，并用于比较正丁烷与马来酸酐反应的部分氧化性能。在C ⁺和A组颗粒的流化床催化反应器中。C组反应堆与使用A组颗粒相比，基于相同的催化剂量或相同的气体停留时间，⁺颗粒获得更高的正丁烷转化率和MAN收率。因此，具有C ⁺粒子的反应器可以用较少的催化剂或较小的反应器尺寸或两者实现相同的反应转化率和产率。因此，预期C ⁺颗粒的流化床催化反应器在工业过程中，特别是对于气相催化反应，将具有重要意义。