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Cadmium phytoextraction by Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Brassica napus cv Wichita (rapeseed), and Chyrsopogon zizanioides (vetiver)
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129086
Bolaños J. Benavides , P.J. Drohan , J.T. Spargo , S.N. Maximova , M.J. Guiltinan , D.A. Miller

The use of phytoextraction plant species to accumulate soil metals into harvestable plant parts is a method used for managing soils with high cadmium (Cd). We evaluated three Cd accumulating species recently recommended for such use in cacao farms where Cd removal is needed to maintain markets: Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Brassica napus (rapeseed), and Chyrsopogon zizanioides (vetiver). Plants were grown in two greenhouse pot experiments with different Cd-spiked growth media: (sand plus perlite) and a natural soil. Plant total Cd and Cd uptake in shoot biomass of all species, across both experiments, increased linearly with increasing amounts of added Cd. Rapeseed had the highest plant total Cd and sunflower had the highest Cd uptake in shoot biomass. The highest application of Cd corresponded to the highest plant total Cd and shoot biomass Cd uptake, regardless of species. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) for each species increased in a curvilinear manner with added Cd, with maximum BCF values for plants grown in the sand and perlite matrix at 2.5 mg kg-1 added Cd and in the natural soil at 5.0 mg kg-1 added Cd. We conclude that the Cd uptake (shoot biomass only) capability of the three species examined is greatest for sunflower given its increased uptake with Cd additions, its BCF value >1, and lack of observed visual Cd toxicity symptoms, fungus and insect damage. Although these species had BCF > 1, the potential annual removal of Cd would have been too small to support a meaningful phytoextraction practice.



中文翻译:

向日葵(向日葵),甘蓝型油菜品种威奇托(油菜籽)和香根草(Chyrsopogon zizanioides)(香根草)的镉提取

使用植物提取植物物种将土壤金属积累到可收获的植物部分中是一种用于处理高镉(Cd)土壤的方法。我们评估了最近推荐在可可农场中使用的三种Cd累积物种,这些可可农场需要去除Cd来维持市场:向日葵(向日葵),甘蓝型油菜(油菜籽)和南芥子(香根草)。在两个温室盆栽实验中使用不同的Cd掺入生长培养基(沙子和珍珠岩)和天然土壤来种植植物。在两个实验中,所有物种的枝条生物量中植物总Cd和Cd吸收量随Cd添加量的增加而线性增加。油菜籽中总Cd含量最高,而向日葵的茎生物量中Cd吸收量最高。镉的最高施用量对应于最高的植物总镉和茎生物量的镉吸收量,而与物种无关。添加Cd后,每个物种的生物富集系数(BCF)呈曲线增加,在沙子和珍珠岩基质中2.5 mg kg -1添加Cd和在自然土壤中5.0 mg kg -1时生长的植物的最大BCF值添加镉。我们得出的结论是,所考察的三个物种对向日葵的Cd吸收能力(仅捕获生物量)是最大的,因为向日葵添加Cd会增加其吸收,其BCF值> 1,并且缺乏观察到的视觉Cd毒性症状,真菌和昆虫破坏。尽管这些物种的BCF> 1,但潜在的Cd年度去除量可能太小,无法支持有意义的植物提取方法。

更新日期:2020-11-25
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