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A 150-year record of black carbon (soot and char) and polycyclic aromatic compounds deposition in Lake Phayao, north Thailand
Environmental Pollution ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116148
Yongming Han , Benjamin A. Musa Bandowe , Tobias Schneider , Siwatt Pongpiachan , Steven Sai Hang Ho , Chong Wei , Qiyuan Wang , Li Xing , Wolfgang Wilcke

An improved understanding of the historical variation in the emissions and sources (biomass burning, BB vs. fossil fuel, FF combustion) of soot and char, the two components of black carbon (BC), and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) may help in assessing the environmental effects of the Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) in SE Asia. We therefore determined historical variations of the fluxes of soot, char, and PACs (24 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 12 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), and 4 azaarenes) in a dated sediment core (covering the past ∼150 years) of Phayao Lake in Thailand. The soot fluxes have been increasing in recent times, but at a far lower rate than previously estimated based on BC emission inventories. This may be associated with a decreasing BB contribution as indicated by the decreasing char fluxes from old to young sediments. The fluxes of high- and low-molecular-weight (HMW and LMW) PAHs, OPAHs, and azaarenes all sharply increased after ∼1980, while the ΣLMW-/ΣHMW-PAHs ratios decreased, further supporting the reduction in BB contribution at the expense of increasing FF combustion emissions. We also suggest that the separate record of char and soot, which has up to now not been done in aerosol studies, is useful to assess the environmental effects of ABC because of the different light-absorbing properties of these two BC components. Our results suggest that besides the establishment of improved FF combustion technology, BB must be further reduced in the SE Asian region in order to weaken the ABC haze.



中文翻译:

泰国北部帕尧湖黑碳(烟灰和煤焦)和多环芳族化合物沉积的150年记录

对烟尘和炭,黑炭(BC)的两个成分和多环芳族化合物(PAC)的排放和排放源(生物质燃烧,BB与化石燃料,FF燃烧)的历史变化的更好的理解可能有助于评估东南亚大气布朗云(ABC)的环境影响。因此,我们确定了Phayao的陈旧沉积岩芯(涵盖了过去约150年)中的烟尘,炭和PAC(24种多环芳烃(PAH),12种氧化PAH(OPAH)和4个氮杂芳烃)通量的历史变化。湖在泰国。近来,烟尘通量一直在增加,但其速度远低于先前根据卑诗省排放清单估计的速度。如从旧沉积物到年轻沉积物的焦炭通量减少所表明的,这可能与BB的减少有关。到1980年以后,高分子量和低分子量(HMW和LMW)PAH,OPAH和氮杂芳烃的通量都急剧增加,而ΣLMW-/ΣHMW-PAHs的比例下降,进一步支持了BB贡献的降低,但为此付出了代价FF燃烧排放的增加。我们还建议,到目前为止,气溶胶研究尚未完成炭和烟灰的单独记录,由于这两种BC组分的光吸收特性不同,因此可用于评估ABC的环境影响。我们的结果表明,除了建立改进的FF燃烧技术外,还必须在东南亚地区进一步降低BB,以减弱ABC雾度。进一步支持减少BB排放,但以增加FF燃烧排放为代价。我们还建议,到目前为止,气溶胶研究尚未完成炭和烟灰的单独记录,由于这两种BC组分的光吸收特性不同,因此可用于评估ABC的环境影响。我们的结果表明,除了建立改进的FF燃烧技术外,还必须在东南亚地区进一步降低BB,以减弱ABC雾度。进一步支持减少BB排放,但以增加FF燃烧排放为代价。我们还建议,到目前为止,气溶胶研究尚未完成炭和烟灰的单独记录,由于这两种BC组分的光吸收特性不同,因此可用于评估ABC的环境影响。我们的结果表明,除了建立改进的FF燃烧技术外,还必须在东南亚地区进一步降低BB,以减弱ABC雾度。由于这两个BC组件的光吸收特性不同,因此可用于评估ABC的环境影响。我们的结果表明,除了建立改进的FF燃烧技术外,还必须在东南亚地区进一步降低BB,以减弱ABC雾度。由于这两个BC组件的光吸收特性不同,因此可用于评估ABC的环境影响。我们的结果表明,除了建立改进的FF燃烧技术外,还必须在东南亚地区进一步降低BB,以减弱ABC雾度。

更新日期:2020-12-09
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