The robust and eco-friendly super-hydrophobic sponge with remarkable performances has been potential adsorption material for the treatment of offshore oil spills. In this work, the durable PDMS@SiO₂@WS₂ sponge was fabricated via a green and facile one-step dipping method. The mixed tungsten disulfide (WS₂) microparticles and hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles were immobilized on the sponge by non-toxic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) glue tier, which featured the hierarchical structure and extreme water repellency with the water contact angle of 158.8 ± 1.4°. The obtained PDMS@SiO₂@WS₂ sponge exhibits high oil adsorption capacity with 12–112 times of its own weight, and oil/water selectivity with separation efficiency over 99.85%. Notably, when subjected to the complex marine environment including high temperature, corrosive condition, insolation, and strong wind and waves, the modified sponge can maintain sable super-hydrophobicity with water contact angle over 150°. Moreover, it possesses superior mechanical stability for sustainable reusability and oil recovery. The sponge fabricated by non-toxic modifiers along with its sable super-hydrophobicity in complex marine environment makes it a potential material for practical applications.

结实，环保的超疏水海绵具有出色的性能，已成为处理海上溢油的潜在吸附材料。在这项工作中，耐用的PDMS @ SiO ₂ @WS ₂海绵是通过绿色且简便的一步浸渍法制造的。通过无毒的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）胶层将混合的二硫化钨（WS ₂）微粒和疏水的SiO ₂纳米颗粒固定在海绵上，该胶层具有分层结构和极强的拒水性，其水接触角为158.8±1.4°。得到的PDMS @ SiO ₂ @WS ₂海绵具有很高的吸油能力，是其自重的12–112倍，并且具有油/水选择性，分离效率超过99.85％。值得注意的是，当经受高温，腐蚀性条件，日晒以及强风浪等复杂海洋环境的影响时，改性海绵可以保持稳定的超疏水性，与水的接触角超过150°。此外，它具有出色的机械稳定性，可实现可持续的可重复使用性和采油量。由无毒改性剂制成的海绵及其在复杂海洋环境中的稳定超疏水性使其成为实际应用的潜在材料。