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Sensing Ambiguity in Henry James' "The Turn of the Screw"
arXiv - CS - Computation and Language Pub Date : 2020-11-21 , DOI: arxiv-2011.10832
Victor Makarenkov, Yael Segalovitz

Fields such as the philosophy of language, continental philosophy, and literary studies have long established that human language is, at its essence, ambiguous and that this quality, although challenging to communication, enriches language and points to the complexity of human thought. On the other hand, in the NLP field there have been ongoing efforts aimed at disambiguation for various downstream tasks. This work brings together computational text analysis and literary analysis to demonstrate the extent to which ambiguity in certain texts plays a key role in shaping meaning and thus requires analysis rather than elimination. We revisit the discussion, well known in the humanities, about the role ambiguity plays in Henry James' 19th century novella, The Turn of the Screw. We model each of the novella's two competing interpretations as a topic and computationally demonstrate that the duality between them exists consistently throughout the work and shapes, rather than obscures, its meaning. We also demonstrate that cosine similarity and word mover's distance are sensitive enough to detect ambiguity in its most subtle literary form, despite doubts to the contrary raised by literary scholars. Our analysis is built on topic word lists and word embeddings from various sources. We first claim, and then empirically show, the interdependence between computational analysis and close reading performed by a human expert.

中文翻译:

亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James)的《螺丝的转弯》中的感觉歧义

长期以来,诸如语言哲学,大陆哲学和文学研究等领域都确立了人类语言的本质是模棱两可的,并且这种品质虽然对交流构成挑战,但它丰富了语言并指出了人类思想的复杂性。另一方面,在自然语言处理领域,一直在努力消除各种下游任务的歧义。这项工作将计算文本分析和文学分析结合在一起,以证明某些文本中的歧义在塑造意义方面起着关键作用的程度,因此需要分析而不是消除。我们回顾一下在人文学科中众所周知的关于歧义在亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James)的19世纪中篇小说《螺丝的转弯》中扮演的角色的讨论。我们为每个中篇小说建模 以两个相互竞争的解释为主题,并通过计算证明了两者之间的对偶始终存在于整个作品和形状中,而不是模糊了其含义。我们还证明,尽管对文学学者提出了相反的疑问,余弦相似度和移词器的距离也足够灵敏,可以检测出其最微妙的文学形式中的歧义。我们的分析基于各种来源的主题词列表和词嵌入。我们首先主张,然后从经验上证明,人类专家进行的计算分析与近距离阅读之间的相互依赖性。尽管人们对文学学者提出了相反的疑问,但他的距离足够敏感,可以发现其最微妙的文学形式中的歧义。我们的分析基于各种来源的主题词列表和词嵌入。我们首先主张,然后从经验上证明,人类专家进行的计算分析与近距离阅读之间的相互依赖性。尽管对文学学者提出了相反的疑问,但他的距离足够敏感,可以发现其最微妙的文学形式中的歧义。我们的分析基于各种来源的主题词列表和词嵌入。我们首先主张,然后从经验上证明,人类专家进行的计算分析与近距离阅读之间的相互依赖性。
更新日期:2020-11-25
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