Genetic variation is fundamental for plant breeding programmes. Exploiting the genetic variation of wheat for biomass allocation, yield and yield-related traits enhances breeding for drought tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variation and to select best individuals among 180 M₃ mutant families of wheat developed through EMS mutagenesis based on better biomass allocation to root systems, desirable agronomic traits and high yield potential under greenhouse and field environment evaluations with drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions. Experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with two replications. Days to 50% heading (DTH), days to 90% maturity (DTM), plant height (PH), number of productive tillers (PTN), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB), total biomass (TB), root–shoot ratio (RSR), spike length (SL), spikelet per spike (SPS), one thousand seed weight (TSW) and grain yield (GY) were collected. Mutant families showed significant genotypic (p < .05) variation for yield and biomass traits, whereas genotype × environment × water regime interaction effects were significant (p < .05) for DTM, SB, TB, TSW and GY. Superior families designated as 52, 159, 103, 126 and 145 were selected for improved drought tolerance and high biomass allocation to roots.

中文翻译：

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干旱和非胁迫条件下小麦突变体间的生物量分配，产量及产量相关性状的变异性和选择

遗传变异是植物育种计划的基础。利用小麦的遗传变异来分配生物量，产量和与产量相关的性状可以增强抗旱育种。这项研究的目的是评估遗传变异并从180 M _3中选择最佳个体。通过EMS诱变开发的小麦突变体家族，其基础是更好地分配生物量到根系，理想的农艺性状和在干旱和非胁迫条件下的温室和田间环境评估下的高产潜力。使用具有两个重复的随机完整区组设计进行实验。抽穗期（DTH）为50天，成熟度（DTM）为90天，株高（PH），生产分till数（PTN），枝条生物量（SB），根生物量（RB），总生物量（TB），收集了根冠比（RSR），穗长（SL），每穗小穗（SPS），千粒重（TSW）和谷物产量（GY）。突变家庭显示出重要的基因型（p DTM，SB，TB，TSW和GY的 产量和生物量性状的变异<.05，而基因型×环境×水分状况的交互作用显着（p <.05）。选择了命名为52、159、103、126和145的优良家族，以提高耐旱性和高生物量分配给根。