Blocking is a standard strategy for improving the precision of randomized experimental designs. In field trials, it is usually beneficial to impose blocks in both row and column directions. A common problem with classical randomized row–column designs is that replications of a treatment may be clustered and that some pairs of treatments appear next to each other rather more often than others. Such patterns adversely affect certain design properties which we refer to as neighbour balance (NB) and evenness of distribution (ED), and they may be particularly harmful if some of the treatments are very susceptible to environmental stresses. Here, we consider an experimental design strategy for blocked experiments that achieves good NB&ED properties. The approach is exemplified using five examples, spanning non-resolvable and resolvable replicated designs as well as partially replicated designs.

中文翻译：

---

生成具有良好邻居平衡和处理重复分布均匀的行列现场实验设计

分块是提高随机实验设计精度的标准策略。在现场试验中，在行和列方向上施加块通常是有益的。经典随机行-列设计的一个常见问题是治疗的重复可能会聚集在一起，并且一些治疗对彼此相邻出现的频率比其他治疗对要多。这种模式对我们称为相邻平衡 (NB) 和分布均匀度 (ED) 的某些设计特性产生不利影响，如果某些处理方法非常容易受到环境压力的影响，它们可能会特别有害。在这里，我们考虑了一种实现良好 NB&ED 特性的阻塞实验的实验设计策略。使用五个示例来说明该方法，