Green innovation is the primary determinant of green supply chain development. To encourage enterprises of the supply chain to consciously execute green innovation, the government often adopts targeted innovation subsidy strategies. In this paper, three types of innovation subsidy scenarios are considered, and, for generality, consumers are categorized as green and non-green, with the following conclusions obtained from the game analysis. (1) At the supply chain level, the government tends to subsidize the core manufacturer instead of subsidizing both the manufacturer and upstream supplier. (2) When the government subsidizes the manufacturer, the entire supply chain can be stimulated by the internal incentive in the supply chain to implement green innovation, which is conducive to environmental and economic benefits as well as social welfare. (3) As the level of government subsidy for green innovation and the proportion of green consumers increase, the government is more willing to subsidize the manufacturer, which can lead to the improvement of environmental and economic benefits along with social welfare. These findings shed light on why the government is keen on subsidizing the manufacturer at the supply chain level.

绿色创新是绿色供应链发展的主要决定因素。为了鼓励供应链中的企业自觉执行绿色创新，政府经常采用有针对性的创新补贴策略。本文考虑了三种类型的创新补贴方案，一般而言，将消费者分为绿色和非绿色，并从博弈分析中得出以下结论。（1）在供应链层面，政府倾向于补贴核心制造商，而不是同时补贴制造商和上游供应商。（2）当政府补贴制造商时，整个供应链会受到供应链内部实施绿色创新的激励，从而有利于环境和经济效益以及社会福利。（3）随着政府对绿色创新的补贴水平和绿色消费者比例的增加，政府更愿意补贴制造商，这可以改善环境和经济效益以及社会福利。这些发现揭示了政府为何热衷于在供应链层面对制造商进行补贴。