Abstract Hollow TiO2 spheres were synthesized by template method, with the diameters was 200 nm and the thickness of shell about 30 nm. The high-quality perovskite films fabricated on the hollow TiO2 mesoporous layer demonstrate smooth surface and large grain size, resulting in the better scattering light ability and fewer defects. The efficiency of the perovskite solar cells prepared on hollow mesoporous layer can reach 17.60%, which is an approximately 14% higher than the PCE of conventional mesoporous layer devices under the same condition. Importantly, the solar cells with hollow TiO2 can exhibit better stability than the cells with mesoporous TiO2 after aging 30 days in 65% relative humidity under dark conditions. The results indicate that the hollow TiO2 mesoporous layer will be a candidate for better efficient and stable CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells, and this structure provides a direction for the design of novel mesoporous layers for perovskite solar cells in future.

中文翻译：

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中空 TiO2 球体作为介孔层可提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率和稳定性

摘要 采用模板法合成了直径200 nm、壳厚约30 nm的空心TiO2球体。在中空 TiO2 介孔层上制备的高质量钙钛矿薄膜表现出光滑的表面和大的晶粒尺寸，从而导致更好的散射光能力和更少的缺陷。在中空介孔层上制备的钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率可达17.60%，比同等条件下常规介孔层器件的PCE高约14%。重要的是，在黑暗条件下，在相对湿度为 65% 的情况下老化 30 天后，具有中空 TiO2 的太阳能电池比具有介孔 TiO2 的电池表现出更好的稳定性。