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Mechanical Adaptability of Tumor Cells in Metastasis
Developmental Cell ( IF 11.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.011
Valentin Gensbittel , Martin Kräter , Sébastien Harlepp , Ignacio Busnelli , Jochen Guck , Jacky G. Goetz

The most dangerous aspect of cancer lies in metastatic progression. Tumor cells will successfully form life-threatening metastases when they undergo sequential steps along a journey from the primary tumor to distant organs. From a biomechanics standpoint, growth, invasion, intravasation, circulation, arrest/adhesion, and extravasation of tumor cells demand particular cell-mechanical properties in order to survive and complete the metastatic cascade. With metastatic cells usually being softer than their non-malignant counterparts, high deformability for both the cell and its nucleus is thought to offer a significant advantage for metastatic potential. However, it is still unclear whether there is a finely tuned but fixed mechanical state that accommodates all mechanical features required for survival throughout the cascade or whether tumor cells need to dynamically refine their properties and intracellular components at each new step encountered. Here, we review the various mechanical requirements successful cancer cells might need to fulfill along their journey and speculate on the possibility that they dynamically adapt their properties accordingly. The mechanical signature of a successful cancer cell might actually be its ability to adapt to the successive microenvironmental constraints along the different steps of the journey.



中文翻译:

转移中肿瘤细胞的机械适应性

癌症最危险的方面在于转移进程。当肿瘤细胞经历从原发肿瘤到远处器官的顺序步骤时,它们将成功地威胁生命的转移。从生物力学的角度来看,肿瘤细胞的生长,侵袭,内渗,循环,停滞/粘附和外渗需要特殊的细胞力学特性才能生存并完成转移级联。由于转移细胞通常比非恶性细胞软,因此细胞及其细胞核的高可变形性被认为对转移潜力具有重要优势。然而,尚不清楚是否存在微调但固定的机械状态,以适应整个级联中存活所需的所有机械特征,或者肿瘤细胞是否需要在遇到的每个新步骤中动态地完善其特性和细胞内成分。在这里,我们回顾了成功的癌细胞可能需要满足的各种机械要求,并推测它们可能会相应地动态适应其特性。成功的癌细胞的机械特征实际上可能是其适应旅程不同步骤中连续的微环境约束的能力。我们回顾了成功的癌细胞可能需要满足的各种机械要求,并推测它们可能会相应地动态适应其特性。成功的癌细胞的机械特征实际上可能是其适应旅程不同步骤中连续的微环境约束的能力。我们回顾了成功的癌细胞可能需要满足的各种机械要求,并推测它们可能会相应地动态适应其特性。成功的癌细胞的机械特征实际上可能是其适应旅程不同步骤中连续的微环境约束的能力。

更新日期:2021-01-25
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