Abstract

Satellite experiments at low latitudes have shown that energetic (tens of keV) electrons and protons can penetrate from the Earth’s radiation belt near the equator into the ionosphere. The effect of the fluxes of these particles on the upper atmosphere and ionosphere remains understudied. In this study, local variations in the concentration of ionospheric ions in the regions of injection of electrons and protons with energies higher than 30 keV into the low-latitude ionosphere are studied using the magnetic storm of July 22, 2009, as an example. The relationship between an increase in the concentration in the F layer in the morning sector and additional ionization by fast electrons is shown. The ionospheric inhomogeneities observed in the night sector in the form of strong concentration fluctuations are caused by the action of protons. The solar-cyclic and annual variations in the frequency of the penetration of electrons and protons from the Earth’s radiation belt into the low-latitude ionosphere for the period from 1998 to 2019 are analyzed.

中文翻译：

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高强度电子和质子通量对低纬电离层的影响

摘要

低纬度的卫星实验表明，高能（数十keV）电子和质子可以从赤道附近的地球辐射带穿透进入电离层。这些粒子的通量对高层大气和电离层的影响尚待研究。在本研究中，以2009年7月22日的电磁风暴为例，研究了向低纬度电离层注入能量大于30 keV的电子和质子时，电离层离子浓度的局部变化。显示了早晨扇区中F层浓度的增加与快速电子引起的附加电离之间的关系。质子的作用导致以浓烈的浓度波动形式出现在夜区的电离层不均匀性。