Wireless sensor network has special features and many applications, which have attracted attention of many scientists. High energy consumption of these networks, as a drawback, can be reduced by a hierarchical routing algorithm. The proposed algorithm is based on the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and Quadrant Cluster based LEACH (Q-LEACH) protocols. To reduce energy consumption and provide a more appropriate coverage, the network was divided into several regions and clusters were formed within each region. In selecting the cluster head (CH) in each round, the amount of residual energy and the distance from the center of each node were calculated by the base station (including the location and residual energy of each node) for all living nodes in each region. In this regard, the node with the largest value had the highest priority to be selected as the CH in each network region. The base station calculates the CH due to the lack of energy constraints and is also responsible for informing it throughout the network, which reduces the load consumption and tasks of nodes in the network. The information transfer steps in this protocol are similar to the LEACH protocol stages. To better evaluate the results, the proposed method was implemented with LEACH LEACH-SWDN, and Q-LEACH protocols using MATLAB software. The results showed better performance of the proposed method in network lifetime, first node death time, and the last node death time.

无线传感器网络具有特殊的功能和许多应用，引起了许多科学家的关注。作为缺点，这些网络的高能耗可以通过分层路由算法来减少。该算法基于低能耗自适应聚类层次结构（LEACH）和基于象限聚类的LEACH（Q-LEACH）协议。为了减少能耗并提供更适当的覆盖范围，网络被划分为几个区域，并且在每个区域内形成了集群。在每个回合中选择簇头（CH）时，基站针对每个区域中的所有活动节点计算剩余能量的量和到每个节点中心的距离（包括每个节点的位置和剩余能量） 。在这方面，值最大的节点具有最高优先级，将被选作每个网络区域中的CH。基站由于缺乏能量约束而计算出CH，并且还负责在整个网络中通知CH，从而减少了网络中节点的负载消耗和任务。该协议中的信息传输步骤类似于LEACH协议阶段。为了更好地评估结果，使用MATLAB软件使用LEACH LEACH-SWDN和Q-LEACH协议实现了所提出的方法。结果表明，该方法在网络生存期，第一个节点失效时间和最后一个节点失效时间方面具有更好的性能。基站由于缺乏能量约束而计算出CH，并且还负责在整个网络中通知CH，从而减少了网络中节点的负载消耗和任务。该协议中的信息传输步骤类似于LEACH协议阶段。为了更好地评估结果，使用MATLAB软件使用LEACH LEACH-SWDN和Q-LEACH协议实现了所提出的方法。结果表明，该方法在网络生存期，第一个节点失效时间和最后一个节点失效时间方面具有更好的性能。基站由于缺乏能量约束而计算出CH，并且还负责在整个网络中通知CH，从而减少了网络中节点的负载消耗和任务。该协议中的信息传输步骤类似于LEACH协议阶段。为了更好地评估结果，使用MATLAB软件使用LEACH LEACH-SWDN和Q-LEACH协议实现了所提出的方法。结果表明，该方法在网络生存期，第一个节点失效时间和最后一个节点失效时间方面具有更好的性能。和使用MATLAB软件的Q-LEACH协议。结果表明，该方法在网络生存期，第一个节点失效时间和最后一个节点失效时间方面具有更好的性能。和使用MATLAB软件的Q-LEACH协议。结果表明，该方法在网络生存期，第一个节点失效时间和最后一个节点失效时间方面具有更好的性能。