Classical psychedelics are a group of drugs characterized by their activation of the serotonin-2A (5-hydroxytryptamine-2A; 5-HT2A) receptor and the unique hallucinogenic and mystical-type experiences that result. After a substantial period of restrictions limiting investigations into the therapeutic potential of psychedelics, a relatively recent recommencement of interest has sparked the burgeoning possibility for these drugs to play a part in the treatment of a wide array of psychopathologies. One of the most promising is in the study of addiction. Evidence has emerged that psychedelic agents may provide a novel avenue for the clinical treatment of patients dealing with substance use disorders (SUD). These serotonergic hallucinogens have displayed remarkable and enduring positive outcomes in this area, even when administered as one or two doses. The neural targets for these psychedelics are varied and underlie a complex mechanism of action—modulating multiple neural networks. It is believed that these agents allow for the reorganization of disordered neural pathways in the default mode network and attenuate maladaptive signaling in mesolimbic reward circuitry. The aim of this review is to examine the current standing of evidence regarding psychedelic psychopharmacology and to provide an overview of the use and effectiveness of these drugs in the treatment of SUD, alcohol use disorder, and for smoking cessation.

古典迷幻药是一组以血清素2A（5-羟色胺-2A; 5-HT2A）受体活化以及产生的独特致幻和神秘类型经历为特征的药物。经过一段长时间的限制，限制了对迷幻药治疗潜力的研究，相对较近的兴趣重新引发了这些药物在广泛的心理病理学治疗中发挥作用的新兴可能性。最有前途的一项是对成瘾的研究。越来越多的证据表明，迷幻药可以为临床治疗药物滥用症（SUD）的患者提供新的途径。即使以一剂或两剂给药，这些血清素能致幻剂在这一领域也显示出了显着而持久的积极成果。这些迷幻药的神经靶点是多种多样的，它们是一个复杂的作用机制（调节多个神经网络）的基础。相信这些试剂允许在默认模式网络中重组无序的神经通路，并减弱中脑边缘奖励电路中的适应不良信号。这篇综述的目的是检查有关迷幻心理药理学的当前证据，并概述这些药物在治疗SUD，饮酒障碍和戒烟中的用途和有效性。据信，这些药剂允许在默认模式网络中重组无序的神经通路，并减弱中脑边缘奖励电路中的适应不良信号。这篇综述的目的是检查有关迷幻心理药理学的当前证据，并概述这些药物在治疗SUD，饮酒障碍和戒烟中的用途和有效性。据信，这些药剂允许在默认模式网络中重组无序的神经通路，并减弱中脑边缘奖励电路中的适应不良信号。这篇综述的目的是检查有关迷幻心理药理学的当前证据，并概述这些药物在治疗SUD，饮酒障碍和戒烟中的用途和有效性。