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Negative resistance for colloids driven over two barriers in a microchannel
Soft Matter ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 , DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01700k
Urs Zimmermann 1, 2, 3 , Hartmut Löwen 1, 2, 3 , Christian Kreuter 3, 4, 5 , Artur Erbe 3, 6, 7 , Paul Leiderer 3, 4, 5 , Frank Smallenburg 1, 2, 3, 8, 9
Affiliation  

When considering the flow of currents through obstacles, one core expectation is that the total resistance of sequential single resistors is additive. While this rule is most commonly applied to electronic circuits, it also applies to other transport phenomena such as the flow of colloids or nanoparticles through channels containing multiple obstacles, as long as these obstacles are sufficiently far apart. Here we explore the breakdown of this additivity for fluids of repulsive colloids driven over two energetic barriers in a microchannel, using real-space microscopy experiments, particle-resolved simulations, and dynamical density functional theory. If the barrier separation is comparable to the particle correlation length, the resistance is highly non-additive, such that the resistance added by the second barrier can be significantly higher or lower than that of the first. Surprisingly, in some cases the second barrier can even add a negative resistance, such that two identical barriers are easier to cross than a single one. We explain this counterintuitive observation in terms of the structuring of particles trapped between the barriers.

中文翻译:

胶体在微通道中穿过两个壁垒的负电阻

当考虑通过障碍物的电流时,一个核心期望是顺序单个电阻器的总电阻是可加的。尽管此规则最常应用于电子电路,但也适用于其他传输现象,例如胶体或纳米颗粒通过包含多个障碍物的通道的流动,只要这些障碍物之间的距离足够远即可。在这里,我们使用实空间显微镜实验,颗粒解析模拟和动态密度泛函理论,探讨了微通道中两个高能屏障驱动的排斥胶体的这种可加性的分解。如果势垒间距可与颗粒相关长度相媲美,则电阻是高度非累加的,这样,第二势垒增加的电阻可以明显高于或低于第一势垒。令人惊讶的是,在某些情况下,第二势垒甚至可以增加负电阻,从而使两个相同的势垒比单个势垒更容易通过。我们根据被困在障碍之间的粒子的结构来解释这种违反直觉的观察。
更新日期:2020-11-23
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