Sex differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of vasospastic angina (VA) have not been well elucidated. This study was performed to investigate sex-specific characteristics and predictors for long-term clinical outcomes in patients with VA. We analyzed 1838 patients (55 years and 62% male) who were diagnosed with definite (n = 680) or intermediate (n = 1212) VA in ergonovine provocation test from a nation-wide VA registry. The primary study end-point was composite events including cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, and atrioventricular block during clinical follow-up. Male patients were younger, and there were more smokers and alcohol drinkers in male patients than in female patients. During the median follow-up period of 760 days (interquartile range, 336–1105 days), there were 73 cases (3.97%) of composite events. There was no sex difference in the occurrence of composite events (log-rank p = 0.649). Concomitant significant (≥ 50%) organic coronary stenosis was associated with worse clinical outcomes in both male (hazard ration [HR], 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–3.85; p = 0.047) and female (HR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.07–9.89; p = 0.037) patients. Obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) was associated with better prognosis in female VA patients (HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07–0.68; p = 0.008). Even when only patients with definite diagnosis of VA were considered, there was no significant sex difference in clinical outcomes (log-rank p = 0.876). In VA patients, there were several different clinical characteristics according to sex; however, long-term clinical outcome was similar between sexes. Significant organic coronary stenosis in both sexes and low body mass index (< 25 kg/m2) in females were associated with worse prognosis in VA patients.

中文翻译：

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血管痉挛性心绞痛患者临床特征和长期结果的性别差异：来自 VA-Korea 登记处的结果，一项前瞻性多中心队列

血管痉挛性心绞痛 (VA) 的临床特征和预后的性别差异尚未得到很好的阐明。本研究旨在调查 VA 患者的性别特异性特征和长期临床结果的预测因素。我们分析了 1838 名患者（55 岁和 62% 男性），这些患者在麦角新碱激发试验中被诊断为确诊（n = 680）或中间（n = 1212）VA 登记处。主要研究终点是临床随访期间的复合事件，包括心源性死亡、急性冠脉综合征、室性心动过速或房颤和房室传导阻滞。男性患者更年轻，男性患者吸烟和饮酒的人数多于女性患者。在 760 天（四分位距，336-1105 天）的中位随访期间，共有 73 例（3. 97%) 的复合事件。复合事件的发生没有性别差异（log-rank p = 0.649）。男性（危险比 [HR]，1.97；95% 置信区间 [CI]，1.01–3.85；p = 0.047）和女性（HR，3.26 ; 95% CI, 1.07–9.89; p = 0.037) 患者。肥胖（体重指数 ≥ 25 kg/m2）与女性 VA 患者更好的预后相关（HR，0.22；95% CI，0.07–0.68；p = 0.008）。即使仅考虑明确诊断为 VA 的患者，临床结果也没有显着的性别差异（对数秩 p = 0.876）。在 VA 患者中，根据性别有几种不同的临床特征；然而，两性之间的长期临床结果相似。