Climate change has challenged growers and researchers alike to better understand how warm temperatures may impact winegrape plant development across varieties. Yet multi-variety studies present challenges. Here we review studies of controlled warming on winegrape varieties alongside a new study of the budburst and flowering phenology of 50 varieties of Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera in the lab, with a small set of plants exposed to higher temperatures (20, 26, 30, 34, and 37°C mean temperatures in growth chambers) during flowering. We found few studies have examined more than one variety, which may be due to the challenge of growing diverse varieties together. Indeed, we found high variability in flowering success across varieties in the lab (28 out of 50 varieties had no flowering), which made it impossible to study variety-specific response to temperature. Across varieties, however, we found results in line with a literature review (which we also present): higher temperatures did not have a significant effect on the rate at which vines progressed through the flowering stage, but higher temperatures did correlate with flower abortion. These results suggest a potential decrease in winegrape yields in a warmer climate due to flower abortion, but also highlight the challenges of understanding heat responses across many varieties.

中文翻译：

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探索受控条件下的葡萄物候和高温响应

气候变化对种植者和研究人员提出了挑战，需要更好地了解温暖的温度如何影响不同品种的酿酒葡萄植物的发育。然而，多品种研究提出了挑战。在这里，我们回顾了葡萄品种受控升温的研究，以及对 50 个葡萄亚种（Vitis vinifera subsp）的萌芽和开花物候的新研究。实验室中的 vinifera，一小部分植物在开花期间暴露于较高温度（生长室平均温度为 20、26、30、34 和 37°C）。我们发现很少有研究检查了一种以上的品种，这可能是由于将不同品种一起种植的挑战。事实上，我们发现实验室中不同品种的开花成功率差异很大（50 个品种中有 28 个没有开花），这使得研究品种对温度的特定反应变得不可能。然而，在不同品种中，我们发现结果与文献综述（我们也提出）一致：较高的温度对葡萄藤开花阶段的速度没有显着影响，但较高的温度确实与花的败育相关。这些结果表明，在温暖的气候下，由于花卉败育，葡萄产量可能会下降，但也强调了了解许多品种的热反应的挑战。