Tillage is well known to have impacts on soil properties and hydrological responses. This work aims to study the short-term impacts of tillage (0–3 months) on soil and hydrological responses in fig orchards located in Croatia. Understanding the soil hydrological response in the study area is crucial for soil management due to frequent autumn floods. The hydrological response was investigated using rainfall simulation experiments (58 mm h−1, for 30 min, over 0.785 m2 plots). The results show that the bulk density was significantly higher 3 months after tillage than at 0 and 1 months. The water holding capacity and amount of soil organic matter decreased with time. The water runoff and phosphorous loss (P loss) increased over time. The sediment concentration (SC) was significantly higher 3 months after tillage than in the previous monitoring periods, while sediment loss (SL) and carbon loss (C loss) were significantly lower 0 months after tillage than 3 months after tillage. Overall, there was an increase in soil erodibility with time (high SC, SL, C loss, and P loss), attributed to the precipitation patterns that increase the soil water content and therefore the hydrological response. Therefore, sustainable agricultural practices are needed to avoid sediment translocation and to mitigate floods and land degradation.

中文翻译：

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耕作对克罗地亚无花果（Ficus Carica）果园土壤和水文响应的短期影响

众所周知，耕作会对土壤特性和水文响应产生影响。这项工作旨在研究耕作（0-3 个月）对克罗地亚无花果园土壤和水文响应的短期影响。由于频繁的秋季洪水，了解研究区土壤水文响应对于土壤管理至关重要。使用降雨模拟实验（58 mm h-1，持续 30 分钟，超过 0.785 平方米的地块）研究了水文响应。结果表明，耕作后 3 个月的容重显着高于 0 和 1 个月。土壤持水量和有机质含量随时间下降。水径流和磷损失（P 损失）随时间增加。耕作后 3 个月的泥沙浓度（SC）显着高于之前的监测期，而耕作后0个月的泥沙损失（SL）和碳损失（C损失）显着低于耕作后3个月。总体而言，土壤可蚀性随时间增加（高 SC、SL、C 损失和 P 损失），归因于增加土壤含水量的降水模式，从而增加了水文响应。因此，需要采取可持续的农业实践来避免沉积物移位并减轻洪水和土地退化。