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Synergistic effects of four climate change drivers on terrestrial carbon cycling
Nature Geoscience ( IF 18.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 , DOI: 10.1038/s41561-020-00657-1
Peter B. Reich , Sarah E. Hobbie , Tali D. Lee , Roy Rich , Melissa A. Pastore , Kally Worm

Disentangling impacts of multiple global changes on terrestrial carbon cycling is important, both in its own right and because such impacts can dampen or accelerate increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Here we report on an eight-year grassland experiment, TeRaCON, in Minnesota, United States, that factorially manipulated four drivers: temperature, rainfall, CO2 and nitrogen deposition. Net primary production increased under warming, elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition, and decreased under diminished summer rainfall. Treatment combinations that increased net primary production also increased soil CO2 emissions, but less so, and hence ecosystem carbon storage increased overall. Productivity, soil carbon emissions and plant carbon stock responses to each individual factor were influenced by levels of the other drivers, in both amplifying and dampening ways. Percentage increases in productivity, soil carbon emissions and plant carbon stocks in response to two, three or four global changes experienced jointly were generally much greater than those expected based on the effects of each individual driver alone. Multiple global change drivers had a profound combined influence on observed outcomes that would have been poorly predicted by knowledge of each driver alone. If such interacting impacts of multiple global change drivers on carbon cycling occur widely among ecosystems, accurately projecting biosphere responses to multifactorial global changes will remain a major challenge in the decades ahead.



中文翻译:

四种气候变化驱动因素对陆地碳循环的协同效应

消除多种全球变化对陆地碳循环的影响很重要,这本身就很重要,因为这种影响会抑制或加速大气中CO 2浓度的增加。在这里,我们报告了一项在美国明尼苏达州进行的为期八年的草原实验TeRaCON,该实验对四个驱动因素进行了因子处理:温度,降雨,CO 2和氮沉降。在变暖,CO 2和氮沉降增加的情况下,净初级生产力增加,而在夏季降雨减少的情况下,净初级生产力下降。增加净初级生产力的处理组合也增加了土壤CO 2的含量排放量,但减少的幅度较小,因此生态系统的碳存储量总体增加。生产力,土壤碳排放和植物碳储量对每个单独因素的响应都受到其他驱动因素的影响,无论是放大还是衰减。共同经历了两次,三次或四次全球变化,生产力,土壤碳排放量和植物碳储量的百分比增加通常远远大于仅基于每个单独驾驶员的影响而预期的百分比。多个全球变化驱动因素对观察到的结果产生了深远的综合影响,单凭对每个驱动因素的了解就无法很好地预测这些结果。如果多个全球变化驱动因素对碳循环的这种相互作用的影响在生态系统中广泛发生,

更新日期:2020-11-23
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