ABSTRACT Prunus padus L. is a wild growing plant in various parts of the world with low soil requirements. This work evaluated the content of selected phytochemicals, antioxidant potential and determined the antimicrobial effect of individual anatomical parts of P. padus (i.e. leaves, bark, and fruits). It was shown that the examined anatomical parts of bird cherry (Prunus padus L.) contained polyphenols and low-molecular organic acids. The highest content of phenolic acids was found in P. padus leaves (1063 ± 26 mg/100 g dm). The analysis regarding flavonols confirmed that the highest content was found in the bark (1530 ± 61 mg/100 g dm). The content of low molecular weight organic acids, whose highest value was found in the fruits (1658 ± 27 mg/100 g dm) was also assessed. The highest antioxidant activity with DPPH radicals was confirmed for the bark (8.9 ± 0.03 mg TE/g dw). The FRAP test also showed the highest activity for the bark extract (380 ± 18 µM FeSO4/g dw). It was shown that signals located in the region of negative potentials in SWV (square wave voltammetry) indicated a high reducing ability of compounds present in P. padus, which means that they can be a very efficient protective barrier against oxidizing agents (i.e. the greatest intensity was for the leaves extract). The highest activity against Gram-negative bacteria was recorded in bird cherry leaves and the lowest in the bark. It showed that the leaves, fruits, and bird cherry bark can be a good source of antioxidant compounds and an attractive raw material with antimicrobial properties that can be widely applied, which is confirmed by the obtained results.

中文翻译：

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探索李属不同解剖部位植物成分的抗菌和抗氧化特性

摘要 Prunus padus L. 是世界各地对土壤要求低的野生植物。这项工作评估了所选植物化学物质的含量、抗氧化潜力，并确定了 P. padus 各个解剖部位（即叶子、树皮和果实）的抗菌作用。结果表明，被检查的鸟樱桃 (Prunus padus L.) 的解剖部位含有多酚和低分子有机酸。在 P. padus 叶子中发现了最高含量的酚酸 (1063 ± 26 mg/100 g dm)。关于黄酮醇的分析证实，树皮中的含量最高（1530 ± 61 mg/100 g dm）。还评估了低分子量有机酸的含量，其最高值出现在水果中 (1658 ± 27 mg/100 g dm)。DPPH 自由基的最高抗氧化活性在树皮中得到证实 (8.9 ± 0.03 mg TE/g dw)。FRAP 测试还显示树皮提取物的最高活性 (380 ± 18 µM FeSO4/g dw)。结果表明，位于 SWV（方波伏安法）负电位区域的信号表明 P. padus 中存在的化合物具有很高的还原能力，这意味着它们可以成为非常有效的抗氧化剂保护屏障（即最大的强度适用于叶子提取物）。对革兰氏阴性菌的最高活性记录在鸟樱桃叶中，而在树皮中最低。结果表明，叶子、果实和鸟樱桃树皮可以作为抗氧化化合物的良好来源，也是一种具有抗菌特性的有吸引力的原材料，可以广泛应用，