Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the main pesticides applied worldwide on maize production. Glyphosate-resistant weeds led to the repeated application of high doses of the pesticide. In addition to environmental conditions, the presence of GBH affects the development of Aspergillus species and aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) production under in vitro conditions. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of a commercial GBH on growth and AFB₁ production by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus strains under different water activity (a_W) conditions. The following concentrations of active ingredient glyphosate were evaluated: 20, 50, 200 and 500 mM. The lag phase prior to growth and growth rate did not change at 20 and 50 mM (that is, at field recommended doses) at 0.98 and 0.95 a_W; however, at increasing GBH concentrations, between 200 and 500 mM, the growth rate decreased at all a_W conditions. In general, as the GBH concentration increased, AFB₁ production decreased. However, a significant increase in toxin accumulation was found only at one of the a_W conditions (0.95) at 21 days with 50 mM of GBH in A. flavus and 20 and 50 mM of GBH in A. parasiticus. These results show that, even though Aspergillus section Flavi growth did not increase, AFB₁ production increased on maize grains at GBH concentrations similar to those of field recommended doses under favorable water availability and temperature conditions.

基于草甘膦的除草剂 (GBH) 是世界范围内用于玉米生产的主要农药。抗草甘膦杂草导致重复使用高剂量农药。除了环境条件外，GBH 的存在影响曲霉属物种的发育和体外条件下黄曲霉毒素 B ₁ (AFB ₁ ) 的产生。这项工作的目的是评估商业 GBH 对黄曲霉和寄生曲霉在不同水分活度下的生长和 AFB ₁生产的影响（_W） 状况。评估了以下浓度的活性成分草甘膦：20、50、200 和 500  mM。 在 0.98 和 0.95 a _{W 的}20 和 50 mM（即现场推荐剂量）下，生长前的滞后期和生长速率没有变化；然而，随着 GBH 浓度的增加，在 200 到 500  mM之间，生长速率在所有_W条件下都会下降。一般来说，随着 GBH 浓度的增加，AFB ₁产量下降。然而，仅在第21 天的 a _W条件之一 (0.95) 下发现毒素积累显着增加，黄曲霉中含有 50  mM GBH，寄生曲霉中含有20 和 50 mM GBH . 这些结果表明，即使曲霉部分Flavi 的生长没有增加，但在有利的水分利用和温度条件下，在 GBH 浓度与田间推荐剂量相似的情况下，玉米粒的AFB ₁产量增加。