Crop residue management strategies must be adapted for improving carbon (C) balance and soil C stock in agroecosystems in sub‐Saharan Africa with consideration of the crop residue availability and site‐specific soil characteristics. We conducted field experiments to determine the effects of crop residue application method (incorporation/mulching) and quality (maize/cowpea) and N fertilizer application on the soil respiration rate and soil C stock in the surface soil layer (0–15 cm) in maize croplands with contrasting soil textures (clay/sandy) over 2 years from 2012 to 2014 in Tanzania. At the clay site, the incorporation of maize residues showed a 38% increase in CO₂ flux compared to mulching, whereas, at the sandy site, mulching showed a 16% increase compared to the incorporation. At the sandy site, mulching practice retained soil moisture content and apparently enhanced the decomposition of the original soil organic C in the surface layer. It is, therefore, suggested that mulching practice may accelerate a long‐term depletion of soil C stock at the sandy site. The cowpea residue incorporation led to rapid decomposition because of its high biodegradability at both sites. The N fertilizer application stimulated the decomposition of labile soil organic matter. The soil C stock in the surface layer did not significantly change after the 2‐year experiment, irrespective of crop residue treatment and soil type. In conclusion, adequate crop residue management in terms of suppressing CO₂ flux during a cropping season depends on soil type, but the long‐term effect on soil C stock is unclear.

中文翻译：

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坦桑尼亚半干旱玉米农田中作物残留管理和土壤质地对二氧化碳通量和土壤碳储量的影响

考虑到作物残渣的可获得性和特定地点的土壤特性，必须调整作物残渣管理策略以改善撒哈拉以南非洲农业生态系统中的碳（C）平衡和土壤碳储量。我们进行了田间试验，以确定作物残茬施用方法（掺入/覆盖）和质量（玉米/ co豆）和氮肥施用对土壤表层土壤呼吸速率和土壤碳库（0-15厘米）的影响。坦桑尼亚从2012年到2014年的2年间，土壤质地（粘土/桑迪）形成鲜明对比的玉米农田。在黏土处，玉米残留物的掺入显示CO ₂增加38％与覆盖相比，覆盖率高，而在沙质地带，覆盖比覆盖增加16％。在沙地上，覆盖做法保留了土壤中的水分，并明显增强了表层中原始土壤有机碳的分解。因此，建议采取覆盖措施可能会加速沙质地区土壤碳储量的长期枯竭。both豆残留物的掺入由于其在两个位点的高生物降解性而导致快速分解。氮肥的施用促进了不稳定土壤有机质的分解。两年的试验后，无论作物残渣处理和土壤类型如何，表层土壤碳储量均无显着变化。总之，就抑制CO ₂而言，适当的作物残留管理 作物季节的通量取决于土壤类型，但对土壤碳库的长期影响尚不清楚。